The malaria vectors of Anopheles flavirostris and Anopheles barbirostris in West Southeast Maluku Regency

Abstract

Malaria is one of the health problems in West Southeast Maluku Regency, with Annual Parasite Incidence (API) is 15‰. There are not many surveys to studies conducted on vectors of malaria. This research aims to know the habitat, species of Anopheles sp., and know the malaria vector species in West Southeast Maluku area. This research was conducted between March - May 2016 in Alusi and Waturu villages. The method of collection was by man landing collections and examination on circum sporozoite protein using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Result of research was obtained the samples of An. flavirostris is 2 265 mosquitoes and An. barbirostris is 32 mosquitoes, with the biting activity was found to reach its peak at 19.00p.m-23.00 p.m. having characteristics of exophilic, exophagic and antrophophilic. The life expectancy of Anopheles sp. in nature is 62-77% with the life span of Anopheles sp. in the nature is below 2-4 days. Anopheles flavirostris and An. barbirostris positively contain the circum sporozoite protein (CSP) of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax.