Pelvic Floor Health in Women with Parkinson's Disease

Abstract

Background: Urinary dysfunction and constipation, manifestations of pelvic floor dysfunction are common sources of disability and impaired quality of life in women with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Objective: We sought to evaluate the pelvic floor health amongst women with PD and their reporting of bladder and bowel symptoms.

Methods: We surveyed women with PD and age-matched controls about pelvic floor health using validated questionnaires. All participants completed the Pelvic Floor Disability Index (PFDI-20), the Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire (PFIQ-7) and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) short form version 2.0 Cognitive Function 8a. Additionally, PD patients underwent the Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) scale and the Montreal Cognition Assessment (MoCA).

Results: Women with PD (n = 59; age, 70.4±8.6 years, PROMIS cognitive score, 52.0±7.8) self-reported urinary symptoms to a greater extent than controls (n = 59; age, 70.2±8.7 years, PROMIS cognitive score, 51.0±10) (68% vs 43%, p < 0.01). The difference was mirrored by higher (worse) scores on both PFDI-20 (35.4 vs 15.6; p = 0.01) and PFIQ-7 (4.8 vs 0; p < 0.01) for PD women compared to controls. Only 63% of all participants with self-reported pelvic floor symptoms had previously reported these symptoms to a health care provider. There was no difference in utilization of specialty care between the two groups (30% vs 46%, p = 0.2).

Conclusion: Pelvic floor dysfunction, more common amongst women with PD, is underreported and undertreated. Our study identifies a key gap in care of women with PD.

Keywords: Parkinson’s disease; health care utilization; pelvic floor disease; prolapse; urinary dysfunction; urinary incontinence; women’s health.