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Review
. 2021 Apr;108(4):496-511.
doi: 10.1007/s00223-020-00786-0. Epub 2021 Feb 14.

Traditional and Non-traditional Risk Factors for Osteoporosis in CKD

Hanne Skou Jørgensen  1   2 , Karel David  1   3 , Syazrah Salam  4   5 , Pieter Evenepoel  6   7 ; European Renal Osteodystrophy (EUROD) workgroup, an initiative of the CKD-MBD working group of the ERA-EDTA
Affiliations
Review

Traditional and Non-traditional Risk Factors for Osteoporosis in CKD

Hanne Skou Jørgensen et al. Calcif Tissue Int. 2021 Apr.

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a state of bone fragility with reduced skeletal resistance to trauma, and consequently increased risk of fracture. A wide range of conditions, including traditional risk factors, lifestyle choices, diseases and their treatments may contribute to bone fragility. It is therefore not surprising that the multi-morbid patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is at a particularly high risk. CKD is associated with reduced bone quantity, as well as impaired bone quality. Bone fragility in CKD is a composite of primary osteoporosis, accumulation of traditional and uremia-related risk factors, assaults brought on by systemic disease, and detrimental effects of drugs. Some risk factors are modifiable and represent potential targets for intervention. This review provides an overview of the heterogeneity of bone fragility in CKD.

Keywords: Bone density; Chronic kidney disease—mineral and bone disorder; Chronic renal insufficiency; Fracture; Kidney transplantation; Osteoporosis.

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