Diet- and sex-related changes of gut microbiota composition and functional profiles after 4 months of weight loss intervention

doi:10.1007/s00394-021-02508-0

Randomized Controlled Trial

. 2021 Sep;60(6):3279-3301.

doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02508-0. Epub 2021 Feb 16.

Diet- and sex-related changes of gut microbiota composition and functional profiles after 4 months of weight loss intervention

Amanda Cuevas-Sierra^{1

2}, Ana Romo-Hualde², Paula Aranaz², Leticia Goni^{3

4

5}, Marta Cuervo^{1

2

5}, J Alfredo Martínez^{1

2

4

5}, Fermín I Milagro^{6

7

8

9}, José I Riezu-Boj^{1

2

5}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
² Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
³ Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
⁴ Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn) Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
⁵ Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
⁶ Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain. fmilagro@unav.es.
⁷ Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain. fmilagro@unav.es.
⁸ Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn) Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain. fmilagro@unav.es.
⁹ Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain. fmilagro@unav.es.

PMID: 33591390
DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02508-0

Randomized Controlled Trial

Diet- and sex-related changes of gut microbiota composition and functional profiles after 4 months of weight loss intervention

Amanda Cuevas-Sierra et al. Eur J Nutr. 2021 Sep.

. 2021 Sep;60(6):3279-3301.

doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02508-0. Epub 2021 Feb 16.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
² Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
³ Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
⁴ Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn) Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
⁵ Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
⁶ Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain. fmilagro@unav.es.
⁷ Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain. fmilagro@unav.es.
⁸ Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn) Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain. fmilagro@unav.es.
⁹ Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain. fmilagro@unav.es.

PMID: 33591390
DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02508-0

Abstract

Purpose: Obesity has been related to intestinal dysbiosis and the modification of gut microbiota composition by dietary strategies becomes a promising strategy to help manage obesity. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of two weight-loss diets on the composition and functional profile of gut microbiota.

Methods: 55 men and 124 women with BMI > 25 kg/m² were randomly assigned to moderately high-protein (MHP) or low-fat (LF) diet. Differences in fecal bacteria abundance (based on 16 s rRNA sequencing) between before and after 4 months of calorie restriction was analyzed using EdgeR tool in MicrobiomeAnalyst platform. Bacterial functional profile was predicted using Tax4Fun and metagenomeSeq analysis. Significant KEGG Orthology (KO) terms were selected for the metabolomic study using chromatography.

Results: After the intervention, MHP-men showed a significant decrease in Negativicutes, Selenomonadales, Dielma and Dielma fastidiosa. LF-men showed a significant increase in Bacilli, Lactobacillales, Christensenellaceae, Peptococcaceae, and Streptococcaceae, Peptococcus, Streptococcus and Christensenella, Duncaniella dubosii_CP039396_93.49%, Roseburia sp_AB744234_98.96% and Alistipes inops_KJ572413_99.57%. MHP-women increased Pasteurellales, Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens, Ruthenibacterium lactatiformans_LR215981_99.55% and decreased in Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens_NR112902_99.56%. Finally, LF-women presented a significant decrease in Bacteroides clarus and Erysipelothrix inopinata_CP060715_84.4%. Surprisingly, no matching bacterial changes were found between these four groups. A total of 42 KO, 10 metabolic pathways and 107 related metabolites related were found implicated in these bacterial changes. Seven metabolites were confirmed in plasma.

Conclusion: Weight-loss-related-changes in gut microbiome composition and the functional profile occur in a sex- and diet-related manner, showing that women and men could differentially benefit from the consumption of MHP and LF diets.

Trial registration: NCT02737267, 10th March 2016 retrospectively registered.

Keywords: Dielma fastidiosa; Gender; High-protein diet; Low-fat diet; Metabolites; Obesity.

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References

1. Williams EP, Mesidor M, Winters K et al (2015) Overweight and obesity: prevalence, consequences, and causes of a growing public health problem. Curr Obes Rep 4:363–370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-015-0169-4 - DOI - PubMed
1. Davis CD (2014) The gut microbiome and its role in obesity. Nutr Today 4:139–148. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2839 - DOI
1. Clarke SF, Murphy EF, Nilaweera K et al (2012) The gut microbiota and its relationship to diet and obesity: new insights. Gut Microbes 3:186–202. https://doi.org/10.4161/gmic.20168 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
1. Rinninella E, Raoul P, Cintoni M et al (2019) What is the healthy gut microbiota composition? A changing ecosystem across age, environment, diet, and diseases. Microorganisms 1:7–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7010014 - DOI
1. Castaner O, Goday A, Park YM et al (2018) The gut microbiome profile in obesity: a systematic review. Int J Endocrinol 2018:409578. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4095789 - DOI

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[1] Williams EP, Mesidor M, Winters K et al (2015) Overweight and obesity: prevalence, consequences, and causes of a growing public health problem. Curr Obes Rep 4:363–370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-015-0169-4 - DOI - PubMed

[2] Williams EP, Mesidor M, Winters K et al (2015) Overweight and obesity: prevalence, consequences, and causes of a growing public health problem. Curr Obes Rep 4:363–370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-015-0169-4 - DOI - PubMed

[3] Davis CD (2014) The gut microbiome and its role in obesity. Nutr Today 4:139–148. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2839 - DOI

[4] Davis CD (2014) The gut microbiome and its role in obesity. Nutr Today 4:139–148. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2839 - DOI

[5] Clarke SF, Murphy EF, Nilaweera K et al (2012) The gut microbiota and its relationship to diet and obesity: new insights. Gut Microbes 3:186–202. https://doi.org/10.4161/gmic.20168 - DOI - PubMed - PMC

[6] Clarke SF, Murphy EF, Nilaweera K et al (2012) The gut microbiota and its relationship to diet and obesity: new insights. Gut Microbes 3:186–202. https://doi.org/10.4161/gmic.20168 - DOI - PubMed - PMC

[7] Rinninella E, Raoul P, Cintoni M et al (2019) What is the healthy gut microbiota composition? A changing ecosystem across age, environment, diet, and diseases. Microorganisms 1:7–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7010014 - DOI

[8] Rinninella E, Raoul P, Cintoni M et al (2019) What is the healthy gut microbiota composition? A changing ecosystem across age, environment, diet, and diseases. Microorganisms 1:7–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7010014 - DOI

[9] Castaner O, Goday A, Park YM et al (2018) The gut microbiome profile in obesity: a systematic review. Int J Endocrinol 2018:409578. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4095789 - DOI

[10] Castaner O, Goday A, Park YM et al (2018) The gut microbiome profile in obesity: a systematic review. Int J Endocrinol 2018:409578. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4095789 - DOI

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Diet- and sex-related changes of gut microbiota composition and functional profiles after 4 months of weight loss intervention

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Diet- and sex-related changes of gut microbiota composition and functional profiles after 4 months of weight loss intervention

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