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. 2021 Feb 17;11(1):3990.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-83149-5.

Clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a population-based study

Tian-Hua Yu #  1 , Xin Chen #  2 , Xuan-He Zhang  3 , Er-Chi Zhang  4 , Cai-Xia Sun  5
Affiliations

Clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a population-based study

Tian-Hua Yu et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

We aimed to explore the clinicopathological features and survival-related factors for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Eligible data were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2015. Totally, 4595 ICC patients were collected with a male to female ratio of nearly 1:1. The higher proportion of ICC patients was elderly, tumor size ≥ 5 cm and advanced AJCC stage. Most patients (79.2%) have no surgery, while low proportion of patients receiving radiotherapy (15.1%). The median survival was 7.0 months (range 0-153 months). The 5-year CSS and OS rates were 8.96% and 7.90%. Multivariate analysis found that elderly age (aged ≥ 65 years old), male, diagnosis at 2008-2011, higher grade, tumor size ≥ 5 cm, and advanced AJCC stage were independent factors for poorer prognosis; while API/AI (American Indian/AK Native, Asian/Pacific Islander) race, married, chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy were independent favorable factors in both CSS and OS. Furthermore, stratified analysis found that chemotherapy and radiotherapy improved CSS and OS in patients without surgery. Age, sex, race, years of diagnosis, married status, grade, tumor size, AJCC stage, surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were significantly related to prognosis of ICC. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy could significantly improve survival in patients without surgery.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Frequency map of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in SEER database from 2004 to 2015.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Flow chart for patient selection.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Kaplan–Meier curves for cancer-specific survival (CSS) in different AJCC stage between chemotherapy and no-chemotherapy groups in unresectable ICC patients: (A) stage I; (B) stage II; (C) stage III; (D) stage IV.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Kaplan–Meier curves for cancer-specific survival (CSS) in different AJCC stage between radiotherapy and no-radiotherapy groups in unresectable ICC patients: (A) stage I; (B) stage II; (C) stage III; (D) stage IV.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Kaplan–Meier curves for overall survival (OS) in different AJCC stage between chemotherapy and no-chemotherapy groups in unresectable ICC patients: (A) stage I; (B) stage II; (C) stage III; (D) stage IV.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Kaplan–Meier curves for overall survival (OS) in different AJCC stage between radiotherapy and no-radiotherapy groups in unresectable ICC patients: (A) stage I; (B) stage II; (C) stage III; (D) stage IV.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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