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. 2020 Sep;16(3):330-335.
doi: 10.5114/aic.2020.99269. Epub 2020 Oct 2.

The effect of transcatheter bronchial artery embolization in five patients with bronchial artery aneurysm

Fu Le-Jun  1 , Yu Sun  1 , Yong Fan  2 , Song Jin  1
Affiliations

The effect of transcatheter bronchial artery embolization in five patients with bronchial artery aneurysm

Fu Le-Jun et al. Postepy Kardiol Interwencyjnej. 2020 Sep.

Abstract

Introduction: Due to its rarity and the lack of animal models for this disease, the etiology of bronchial artery aneurysm (BAA) is poorly understood.

Aim: To investigate the effect of transcatheter artery embolization (TAE) with coils, spherical polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and gel foam in patients with BAA.

Material and methods: From June 2015 to November 2018, 5 patients diagnosed with BAA with massive hemoptysis after undergoing bronchial arteriography and receiving TAE therapy in the Department of Interventional Radiology were enrolled in this study. Post-embolization angiography was used to demonstrate total occlusion of the BAAs and bronchiectatic engorged vessels. The patients' follow-up was conducted 1-16 months after TAE.

Results: All 5 patients were cured by the TAE treatment, during which PVA, coils, and gel foam were applied. The patients also received successful TAE via a microcatheter. Hemoptysis disappeared in all patients. No special or severe complications occurred, and no patient experienced a recurrence during the follow-up.

Conclusions: Overall, TAE is the best choice for patients with hemoptysis and BAA due to its effectivity and reliability. Thorough and complete embolization of the bleeding arteries is the key to successful treatment. Though PVA and coils are the most common materials for embolization, gel foam strips can also be applied.

Keywords: bronchial artery; gel foam; hemoptysis; spherical polyvinyl alcohol; therapeutic; transcatheter artery embolization.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A – A BAA present at the distal end of the right bronchial artery (white arrow). B – After TAE with gel foam and four coils, DSA showed total occlusion of the engorged bronchial arteries and BAA (white arrow). C, D – Positive and oblique DSA demonstrated a BAA very close to the aorta (white arrow). E, F – After TAE with 31 coils, positive and oblique DSA showed total occlusion of the engorged bronchial arteries and BAA (white arrow)
Figure 2
Figure 2
A – The left DSA demonstrated a BAA at the end of the bronchial arteries and spillover of the contrast agents (white arrow). B, C – In the oblique position, the afferent arteries were catheterized with a microcatheter, and PVA microparticles were injected to occlude the arteries. D – After the embolization of the afferent arteries with PVA, the DSA showed total occlusion of the engorged target arteries and BAA (white arrow)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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