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Review
. 2021 Nov;39(11):1144-1159.
doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.01.007. Epub 2021 Feb 16.

Oxygen-Releasing Biomaterials: Current Challenges and Future Applications

Niels G A Willemen  1 , Shabir Hassan  2 , Melvin Gurian  3 , Jinghang Li  4 , Iris E Allijn  3 , Su Ryon Shin  5 , Jeroen Leijten  6
Affiliations
Review

Oxygen-Releasing Biomaterials: Current Challenges and Future Applications

Niels G A Willemen et al. Trends Biotechnol. 2021 Nov.

Abstract

Oxygen is essential for the survival, function, and fate of mammalian cells. Oxygen tension controls cellular behaviour via metabolic programming, which in turn controls tissue regeneration, stem cell differentiation, drug metabolism, and numerous pathologies. Thus, oxygen-releasing biomaterials represent a novel and unique strategy to gain control over a variety of in vivo processes. Consequently, numerous oxygen-generating or carrying materials have been developed in recent years, which offer innovative solutions in the field of drug efficiency, regenerative medicine, and engineered living systems. In this review, we discuss the latest trends, highlight current challenges and solutions, and provide a future perspective on the field of oxygen-releasing materials.

Keywords: biomaterials; hypoxia; metabolism; oxygen generation; sustained release.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Schematic Overview of the Causes and Consequences of Hypoxia on Cellular Behaviour. Abbreviations: pO2, partial pressure of oxygen; ROS, reactive oxygen species. Figure created with BioRender.com.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Key Figure Oxygen Release from Oxygen-Carrying and Oxygen-Generating Biomaterials (OCBs and OGBs) (A–I) Oxygen-release mechanism of various OCBs and OGBs: (A) haemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC), (B) perfluorocarbon (PFC), (C) nanosponge, (D) lipid-based oxygen microbubble, (E) liquid peroxide, (F) solid peroxide (SP), (G) endoperoxide, (H) algae-based biomaterials, and (I) manganese-based materials. (J) Comparison of oxygen payload [,,,,–104] and duration of OCBs and OGBs [,,,,,,,,–,,,,–110]. Abbreviations: 1O2, Singlet oxygen; CPO, calcium peroxide; EP, endoperoxide; HOG, hydrophobic oxygen generator; LOM, lipid-based oxygen microbubble; Mn, manganese; MnO2, manganese (IV) oxide; pO2, partial pressure of oxygen. Figure created with BioRender.com.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Research Applications of Oxygen-Carrying and Oxygen-Generating Biomaterials (OCBs and OGBs). Abbreviations: HBOC, haemoglobin-based oxygen carrier; HOG, hydrophobic oxygen generator; LOM, lipid-based oxygen microbubble; MnO2, manganese (IV) oxide; PDT, photodynamic therapy; PFC, perfluorocarbon; pO2, partial pressure of oxygen; ROS, reactive oxygen species; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor. Figure created with BioRender.com.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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