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Review
. 2021 Feb 4:10:596570.
doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.596570. eCollection 2020.

Review on Stress Tolerance in Campylobacter jejuni

Se-Hun Kim  1   2 , Ramachandran Chelliah  2 , Sudha Rani Ramakrishnan  3 , Ayyappasamy Sudalaiyadum Perumal  4 , Woo-Suk Bang  5 , Momna Rubab  2 , Eric Banan-Mwine Daliri  2 , Kaliyan Barathikannan  2 , Fazle Elahi  2 , Eunji Park  2 , Hyeon Yeong Jo  2 , Su-Bin Hwang  2 , Deog Hwan Oh  2
Affiliations
Review

Review on Stress Tolerance in Campylobacter jejuni

Se-Hun Kim et al. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. .

Abstract

Campylobacter spp. are the leading global cause of bacterial colon infections in humans. Enteropathogens are subjected to several stress conditions in the host colon, food complexes, and the environment. Species of the genus Campylobacter, in collective interactions with certain enteropathogens, can manage and survive such stress conditions. The stress-adaptation mechanisms of Campylobacter spp. diverge from other enteropathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, S. enterica ser. Paratyphi, S. enterica ser. Typhimurium, and species of the genera Klebsiella and Shigella. This review summarizes the different mechanisms of various stress-adaptive factors on the basis of species diversity in Campylobacter, including their response to various stress conditions that enhance their ability to survive on different types of food and in adverse environmental conditions. Understanding how these stress adaptation mechanisms in Campylobacter, and other enteric bacteria, are used to overcome various challenging environments facilitates the fight against resistance mechanisms in Campylobacter spp., and aids the development of novel therapeutics to control Campylobacter in both veterinary and human populations.

Keywords: Campylobacter; enteric bacteria; resistance mechanisms; stress; stress adaptation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Graphical Abstract
Graphical Abstract
Overall flow chart on Stress Tolerance in Campylobacter jejuni at different environment condition 1. Source of transmission of Campylobacter species, 2. Human contact and throughout contaminated food, 3. Survival mechanism in entric-bacterial pathogens, 4. Differental environmental adverse condition, 5. Stimulation of stress related genes involved in sustainability, 6. Up regulation (over expression) of virulence genes, 7. Growth rate and survival of Campylobacter species enhanced.
Figure 1
Figure 1
Modes of transmission for C. jejuni.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Influencing factors for foodborne pathogens.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Summary of C. jejuni responses to stresses. The chromosome of C. jejuni NCTC11168 is represented by a black circle on which the location of genes, involved in different stress responses, are shown as colored lines. Genes are colored according to their role; gene names shaded in grey are involved in multiple stress responses.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Process of biofilm formation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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