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Review
. 2020 Oct 23;14(2):507-515.
doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfaa122. eCollection 2021 Feb.

Oncogenic mechanisms in renal insufficiency

Simona Ruxandra Volovat  1 , Constantin Volovat  1 , Ingrith Miron  1 , Mehmet Kanbay  2 , David Goldsmith  3 , Cristian Lungulescu  4 , Silvia Corina Badarau  1 , Adrian Covic  1
Affiliations
Review

Oncogenic mechanisms in renal insufficiency

Simona Ruxandra Volovat et al. Clin Kidney J. .

Abstract

The prevalence of both cancer and end-stage renal disease is increasing. In addition, medical advances have meant increased survival rates for both diseases. Many chemotherapeutics are renally excreted, and conversely, renal insufficiency promotes a pro-neoplastic state, including genitourinary and other cancers. Dialysis prolongs life while increasing cancer risk. Proposed oncogenic mechanisms include immune dysfunction, chronic inflammation, changes in gut microbiota and stimulation of the renin-angiotensin system. This review summarizes current concepts in the relationship between cancer and renal insufficiency.

Keywords: cancer; carcinogenesis; end-stage renal disease; malignancy; renal transplant.

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Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Mechanisms of renal cell carcinoma; ESRD- end stage renal disease; IL-1b - interleukin 1 beta; IL-6- interleukin 6; TNF-a - tumor necrosis factor alpha; Bcl-2 - B-cell lymphoma 2.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Effects of uremic toxins in ESRD patients; miRNA - microRNA; HD - hemodialysis.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Chronic inflammation and cancer; ESRD - end stage renal disease.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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