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. 2021 Aug;77(8):1209-1218.
doi: 10.1007/s00228-021-03101-4. Epub 2021 Feb 23.

EurOP2E - the European Open Platform for Prescribing Education, a consensus study among clinical pharmacology and therapeutics teachers

Michiel J Bakkum  1   2 , Milan C Richir  3   4 , Paraskevi Papaioannidou  5   6 , Robert Likic  5   7 , Emilio J Sanz  5   8 , Thierry Christiaens  5   9 , João N Costa  5   10 , Romaldas Mačiulaitis  5   11 , Lorena Dima  5   12 , Jamie Coleman  5   13 , Jelle Tichelaar  3   4   5 , Michiel A van Agtmael  3   4   5 ; Education Working Group of the European Association for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (EACPT) and its affiliated Network of Teachers in Pharmacotherapy (NOTIP)
Collaborators, Affiliations

EurOP2E - the European Open Platform for Prescribing Education, a consensus study among clinical pharmacology and therapeutics teachers

Michiel J Bakkum et al. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2021 Aug.

Abstract

Purpose: Sharing and developing digital educational resources and open educational resources has been proposed as a way to harmonize and improve clinical pharmacology and therapeutics (CPT) education in European medical schools. Previous research, however, has shown that there are barriers to the adoption and implementation of open educational resources. The aim of this study was to determine perceived opportunities and barriers to the use and creation of open educational resources among European CPT teachers and possible solutions for these barriers.

Methods: CPT teachers of British and EU medical schools completed an online survey. Opportunities and challenges were identified by thematic analyses and subsequently discussed in an international consensus meeting.

Results: Data from 99 CPT teachers from 95 medical schools were analysed. Thirty teachers (30.3%) shared or collaboratively produced digital educational resources. All teachers foresaw opportunities in the more active use of open educational resources, including improving the quality of their teaching. The challenges reported were language barriers, local differences, lack of time, technological issues, difficulties with quality management, and copyright restrictions. Practical solutions for these challenges were discussed and include a peer review system, clear indexing, and use of copyright licenses that permit adaptation of resources.

Conclusion: Key challenges to making greater use of CPT open educational resources are a limited applicability of such resources due to language and local differences and quality concerns. These challenges may be resolved by relatively simple measures, such as allowing adaptation and translation of resources and a peer review system.

Keywords: Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics; Digital education; Medical education; Open educational resources.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors declared no competing interests for this work. Please note that author Emilio J. Sanz and Michiel A. van Agtmael have a position as managing and advisory editor for this journal, respectively. They should not be involved in any editorial decisions regarding this manuscript.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Opinions about digital education compared to face-to-face education. Statements are based on Kirkpatrick’s pyramid model of educational outcomes. Tier 2 (“learning”) was split into knowledge, skills, and attitudes
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Conditions under which teachers are willing to share their resources. Statements 1 through 5 are lay descriptions of Creative Commons Rights, on which Table 1 is based. OERs open educational resources
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The framework for the European Open Platform for Prescribing Education (EurOP2E). CPT clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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