Association between low mean corpuscular hemoglobin and prognosis in patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Abstract

Background: Several studies have demonstrated the association between mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), a hematological index used for the assessment of anemia, and the prognosis of patients with heart disease. While the red cell distribution width (RDW) is known to be related to the prognosis of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), few studies have focused on the association between the MCHC and COPD. Therefore, we examined the association between the MCHC and prognosis in patients with exacerbation of COPD.

Methods: We examined the association between the 30-day mortality and clinical findings in patients with COPD exacerbation who were hospitalized between October 2008 and December 2018.

Results: We enrolled 195 patients with COPD exacerbation (average age: 76.4 years; 181 men, 14 women). The MCHC was significantly lower, while the RDW was significantly higher in the 27 patients (13.8%) who died during the 30-day observation period compared to those in the patients who survived. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the MCHC was independently associated with 30-day mortality. The area under the curve calculated from the MCHC obtained from peripheral blood was 0.688 and the cutoff value was 31.6 g/dL, with a sensitivity of 0.593 and specificity of 0.810 (p = 0.0001).

Conclusion: The MCHC might be a valuable biomarker for evaluating the prognosis of patients with COPD exacerbation.

Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Exacerbation; Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; Prognosis; Red cell distribution width.