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. 2021 Mar;9(5):e14770.
doi: 10.14814/phy2.14770.

Effect of the order of concurrent training combined with resistance and high-intensity interval exercise on mTOR signaling and glycolytic metabolism in mouse skeletal muscle

Takanaga Shirai  1   2 , Hideto Hanakita  1 , Kazuki Uemichi  1 , Tohru Takemasa  3
Affiliations

Effect of the order of concurrent training combined with resistance and high-intensity interval exercise on mTOR signaling and glycolytic metabolism in mouse skeletal muscle

Takanaga Shirai et al. Physiol Rep. 2021 Mar.

Abstract

Athletes train to improve strength and endurance to demonstrate maximum performance during competitions. Training methods vary but most focus on strength, endurance, or both. Concurrent training is a combination of two different modes of training. In this study, we combined resistance exercise (RE) and high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) to investigate the influence of the order of the concurrent training on signal molecules on hypertrophy and glycolysis in the skeletal muscle. The phosphorylation levels of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signals, p70 S6 kinase (p70S6 K), ribosomal protein S6 (S6), and glycogen synthase kinase beta (GSK-3β) were significantly increased in the HIIE first group compared with the control group. The combined training course did not affect the glycogen content and expression levels of proteins concerning glycolytic and metabolic capacity, suggesting that a combination of HIIE and RE on the same day, with HIIE prior to RE, improves hypertrophy response and glycolysis enhancement.

Keywords: concurrent training; glycolysis; high-intensity interval exercise; mTOR signaling; resistance exercise.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Animal characteristics. Values are mean ± SEM (n = 5 per group)
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Glycogen content after combined resistance and high‐intensity interval training in mouse skeletal muscle. Data are presented as mean +SEM. n = 5 each group. *p < 0.05 vs CON group
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Effect of the order of combined resistance and high‐intensity interval training on mTOR signaling in mouse skeletal muscle. (a) Immunoblots patterns and (b) protein expression levels of mTOR signaling. Data are presented as mean +SEM. n = 5 each group. *p < 0.05 vs CON group
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Effect of the order of combined resistance and high‐intensity interval training on glycolytic genes and proteins in mouse skeletal muscle. (a) mRNA expression levels of glycolytic genes, (b) Immunoblots patterns and (c) protein expression levels of glycolytic proteins. Data are presented as mean +SEM. n = 5 each group. *p < 0.05 vs CON group
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
Effect of the order of combined resistance and high‐intensity interval training on mitochondrial genes and complex chains in mouse skeletal muscle. (a) mRNA expression levels of mitochondrial genes, (b) immunoblots patterns, and (c) protein expression levels of PGC‐1α and OXPHOS proteins. Data are presented as mean +SEM. n = 5 each group. *p < 0.05 vs CON group
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