Randomized Controlled Trial

. 2021 Mar 2;9(1):E142-E148.

doi: 10.9778/cmajo.20200176. Print 2021 Jan-Mar.

Post Discharge after Surgery Virtual Care with Remote Automated Monitoring Technology (PVC-RAM): protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Michael H McGillion¹, Joel Parlow¹, Flavia K Borges¹, Maura Marcucci¹, Michael Jacka¹, Anthony Adili¹, Manoj M Lalu¹, Homer Yang¹, Ameen Patel¹, Susan O'Leary¹, Vikas Tandon¹, Gavin M Hamilton¹, Marko Mrkobrada¹, Carley Ouellette¹, Marissa Bird¹, Sandra Ofori¹, David Conen¹, Pavel S Roshanov¹, Valerie Harvey¹, Gordon H Guyatt¹, Yannick Le Manach¹, Shrikant I Bangdiwala¹, Ramiro Arellano¹, Ted Scott¹, Jennifer Lounsbury¹, Dylan A Taylor¹, Rahima Nenshi¹, Alan J Forster¹, Mahesh Nagappa¹, Andre Lamy¹, Elizabeth Peter¹, Kelsea Levesque¹, Kristen Marosi¹, Sultan Chaudhry¹, Shariq Haider¹, Lesly Deuchar¹, Brandi LeBlanc¹, Colin J L McCartney¹, Emil H Schemitsch¹, Jessica Vincent¹, Shirley M Pettit¹, James Paul¹, Deborah DuMerton¹, Angela Djuric Paulin¹, Marko Simunovic¹, David C Williams¹, Samantha Halman¹, Christopher M Schlachta¹, Jessica Shelley¹, John Harlock¹, Ralph M Meyer¹, Michelle Graham¹, Harsha Shanthanna¹, Neil Parry¹, David R Pichora¹, Haroon Yousef¹, Husein Moloo¹, Herman Sehmbi¹, Melissa Waggott¹, Emilie P Belley-Cote¹, Richard Whitlock¹, P J Devereaux²; PVC-RAM Investigators

Collaborators, Affiliations

Collaborators

PVC-RAM Investigators:
Darrin Payne, Rachael DaCunha, Sunil Patel, Michael Yacob, Siddhartha Srivastava, Lisa Nguyen, Curtis Nickel, Tyler Hands, Elorm Vowotor, Emile Peponoulas, Angela Webster, Tammy Doyle, Kajenny Srivaratharajah, Dave Szalay, Deborah Bedini, Victor Chu, Jason Busse, Sandra Carroll, Jeremy Petch, Duane Bender, Dina Brooks, Krysten Gregus, Patricia Power, Dale Williams, Amitabha Chakroborty, Samir Raza, Amna Ahmed, Kelly Lawrence, Derek Hunt, David Cowan, Jehonathan Pinthus, David Wilson, Clare Reade, Leslie Gauthier, Stephen Kelly, Kirsten Krull, Kim Alvarado, Susan Reid, Mohit Bhandari, Derek Dillane, James Greene, David Bigam, Ryan Snelgrove, Brian Buchanan, Oleksa Rewa, Ronald Brisebois, Nadr Jomha, Bruce Ritchie, Sherry Reid, Adrian Fairey, Greg Hrynchyshyn, Bobby Shayegan, Christian Finley, Wendy Lim, Maria Tiboni, David Choi, Anne-Marie MacDonald, Deanna Burnette, Tom Stewart, Melissa Farrell, Carolyn Goss, Faraaz Quiraishi, Daniel McIsaac, Sarah Tierney, Shawn Hicks, Kathryn Wheeler, Josh Robert, Colleen McFaul, Greg Krolczyk, Purnima Rao, Stephane Moffett, Dan Dubois, Catherine Code, Heather Clark, Melissa Rousseau, Catherine Gray, Dominique Yelle, Youssef Tawil, Babak Rashidi, Weiwei Beckerleg, Shipa Gupta, Sudhir Sundaresan, Suzanne Madore, Andrew Seely, Reece Bearnes, Dean Fergusson, Susan Madden, Jad Abou Khalil, John Sinclair, Moein Momtazi, Rodney Breau, Humberto Vigil, James Chan, Freddy Nguyen, George Nicolaou, Yamini Subramani, Ashraf Fayad, Amit Garg, Cathy Vandersluis, Glen Kearns, Cheryl Churcher, Carla Cormack, Brenda Maxwell, Johana Halabi, James Calvin, Douglas Naudie, Melfort Boulton, Stephanie Handsor, Heather Whittle, Charlotte Kenning, Lori Blake, Sanela Dragic-Taylor, Arielle Fernandez, Peggy Gao, Valerie Harvey, Peter Koh, Louise Mastrangelo, John Liu, Yan Yun Liu, Rajibul Mian, Wesley Tong, Jessica Vincent, Heidi Wilton, Flavia K. Borges, Sandra Ofori, Michael Wang, James Khan, Rahima Nenshi, Maura Marcucci

Affiliations

¹ School of Nursing (McGillion, Levesque, Lounsbury, Bird, Ouellette), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Population Health Research Institute (McGillion, Whitlock, Devereaux, Belley-Cote, Borges, Vincent, Lamy, Bangdiwala, Le Manach, Harvey, Conen), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (Parlow, Arellano), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (Parlow, Shelley, DuMerton, Arellano), Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Belley-Cote, Yousef, Borges, Marcucci, Chaudhry, Haider, Guyatt, Patel, Conen, Tandon), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Whitlock, Devereaux, Marcucci, Bangdiwala, Guyatt), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Departments of Critical Care and Anesthesiology (Jacka), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Surgery (Adili, Harlock, Simunovic, Nenshi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton (Adili, LeBlanc, Nenshi, Tandon), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (Lalu, McCartney, Hamilton), University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Moloo, Lalu, Halman, Forster, Hamilton), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine (Sehmbi, Nagappa, Yang), Schulich School of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont.; Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine (Sehmbi, Nagappa, Yang), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Hamilton Health Sciences (Meyer, Paulin, Pettit, Lamy, Lounsbury, Scott, Patel, Ouellette, O'Leary), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Anesthesia (Shanthanna, Paul, Le Manach, O'Leary), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Roshanov, Mrkobrada), Schulich School of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont.; Department of Internal Medicine (Ofori), University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, West Africa; Department of Medicine (Graham, Taylor), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Halman, Forster), University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.; Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing (Peter), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Marosi), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; Alberta Health Services (Deuchar), Alberta, Canada; Department of Surgery (Parry, Schlachta, Schemitsch), University of Western Ontario and London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery (Williams), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Oncology (Meyer), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Surgery (Pichora), Queen's University and Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, Ont.; Department of Surgery (Moloo), University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.; The Ottawa Hospital (Waggott), Ottawa, Ont.
² School of Nursing (McGillion, Levesque, Lounsbury, Bird, Ouellette), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Population Health Research Institute (McGillion, Whitlock, Devereaux, Belley-Cote, Borges, Vincent, Lamy, Bangdiwala, Le Manach, Harvey, Conen), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (Parlow, Arellano), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (Parlow, Shelley, DuMerton, Arellano), Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Belley-Cote, Yousef, Borges, Marcucci, Chaudhry, Haider, Guyatt, Patel, Conen, Tandon), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Whitlock, Devereaux, Marcucci, Bangdiwala, Guyatt), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Departments of Critical Care and Anesthesiology (Jacka), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Surgery (Adili, Harlock, Simunovic, Nenshi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton (Adili, LeBlanc, Nenshi, Tandon), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (Lalu, McCartney, Hamilton), University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Moloo, Lalu, Halman, Forster, Hamilton), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine (Sehmbi, Nagappa, Yang), Schulich School of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont.; Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine (Sehmbi, Nagappa, Yang), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Hamilton Health Sciences (Meyer, Paulin, Pettit, Lamy, Lounsbury, Scott, Patel, Ouellette, O'Leary), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Anesthesia (Shanthanna, Paul, Le Manach, O'Leary), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Roshanov, Mrkobrada), Schulich School of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont.; Department of Internal Medicine (Ofori), University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, West Africa; Department of Medicine (Graham, Taylor), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Halman, Forster), University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.; Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing (Peter), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Marosi), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; Alberta Health Services (Deuchar), Alberta, Canada; Department of Surgery (Parry, Schlachta, Schemitsch), University of Western Ontario and London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery (Williams), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Oncology (Meyer), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Surgery (Pichora), Queen's University and Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, Ont.; Department of Surgery (Moloo), University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.; The Ottawa Hospital (Waggott), Ottawa, Ont. p.j.devereaux@phri.ca.

PMID: 33653769
PMCID: PMC8034369
DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20200176

Randomized Controlled Trial

Post Discharge after Surgery Virtual Care with Remote Automated Monitoring Technology (PVC-RAM): protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Michael H McGillion et al. CMAJ Open. 2021.

. 2021 Mar 2;9(1):E142-E148.

doi: 10.9778/cmajo.20200176. Print 2021 Jan-Mar.

Authors

Collaborators

PVC-RAM Investigators:
Darrin Payne, Rachael DaCunha, Sunil Patel, Michael Yacob, Siddhartha Srivastava, Lisa Nguyen, Curtis Nickel, Tyler Hands, Elorm Vowotor, Emile Peponoulas, Angela Webster, Tammy Doyle, Kajenny Srivaratharajah, Dave Szalay, Deborah Bedini, Victor Chu, Jason Busse, Sandra Carroll, Jeremy Petch, Duane Bender, Dina Brooks, Krysten Gregus, Patricia Power, Dale Williams, Amitabha Chakroborty, Samir Raza, Amna Ahmed, Kelly Lawrence, Derek Hunt, David Cowan, Jehonathan Pinthus, David Wilson, Clare Reade, Leslie Gauthier, Stephen Kelly, Kirsten Krull, Kim Alvarado, Susan Reid, Mohit Bhandari, Derek Dillane, James Greene, David Bigam, Ryan Snelgrove, Brian Buchanan, Oleksa Rewa, Ronald Brisebois, Nadr Jomha, Bruce Ritchie, Sherry Reid, Adrian Fairey, Greg Hrynchyshyn, Bobby Shayegan, Christian Finley, Wendy Lim, Maria Tiboni, David Choi, Anne-Marie MacDonald, Deanna Burnette, Tom Stewart, Melissa Farrell, Carolyn Goss, Faraaz Quiraishi, Daniel McIsaac, Sarah Tierney, Shawn Hicks, Kathryn Wheeler, Josh Robert, Colleen McFaul, Greg Krolczyk, Purnima Rao, Stephane Moffett, Dan Dubois, Catherine Code, Heather Clark, Melissa Rousseau, Catherine Gray, Dominique Yelle, Youssef Tawil, Babak Rashidi, Weiwei Beckerleg, Shipa Gupta, Sudhir Sundaresan, Suzanne Madore, Andrew Seely, Reece Bearnes, Dean Fergusson, Susan Madden, Jad Abou Khalil, John Sinclair, Moein Momtazi, Rodney Breau, Humberto Vigil, James Chan, Freddy Nguyen, George Nicolaou, Yamini Subramani, Ashraf Fayad, Amit Garg, Cathy Vandersluis, Glen Kearns, Cheryl Churcher, Carla Cormack, Brenda Maxwell, Johana Halabi, James Calvin, Douglas Naudie, Melfort Boulton, Stephanie Handsor, Heather Whittle, Charlotte Kenning, Lori Blake, Sanela Dragic-Taylor, Arielle Fernandez, Peggy Gao, Valerie Harvey, Peter Koh, Louise Mastrangelo, John Liu, Yan Yun Liu, Rajibul Mian, Wesley Tong, Jessica Vincent, Heidi Wilton, Flavia K. Borges, Sandra Ofori, Michael Wang, James Khan, Rahima Nenshi, Maura Marcucci

Affiliations

¹ School of Nursing (McGillion, Levesque, Lounsbury, Bird, Ouellette), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Population Health Research Institute (McGillion, Whitlock, Devereaux, Belley-Cote, Borges, Vincent, Lamy, Bangdiwala, Le Manach, Harvey, Conen), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (Parlow, Arellano), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (Parlow, Shelley, DuMerton, Arellano), Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Belley-Cote, Yousef, Borges, Marcucci, Chaudhry, Haider, Guyatt, Patel, Conen, Tandon), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Whitlock, Devereaux, Marcucci, Bangdiwala, Guyatt), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Departments of Critical Care and Anesthesiology (Jacka), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Surgery (Adili, Harlock, Simunovic, Nenshi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton (Adili, LeBlanc, Nenshi, Tandon), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (Lalu, McCartney, Hamilton), University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Moloo, Lalu, Halman, Forster, Hamilton), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine (Sehmbi, Nagappa, Yang), Schulich School of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont.; Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine (Sehmbi, Nagappa, Yang), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Hamilton Health Sciences (Meyer, Paulin, Pettit, Lamy, Lounsbury, Scott, Patel, Ouellette, O'Leary), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Anesthesia (Shanthanna, Paul, Le Manach, O'Leary), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Roshanov, Mrkobrada), Schulich School of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont.; Department of Internal Medicine (Ofori), University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, West Africa; Department of Medicine (Graham, Taylor), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Halman, Forster), University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.; Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing (Peter), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Marosi), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; Alberta Health Services (Deuchar), Alberta, Canada; Department of Surgery (Parry, Schlachta, Schemitsch), University of Western Ontario and London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery (Williams), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Oncology (Meyer), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Surgery (Pichora), Queen's University and Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, Ont.; Department of Surgery (Moloo), University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.; The Ottawa Hospital (Waggott), Ottawa, Ont.
² School of Nursing (McGillion, Levesque, Lounsbury, Bird, Ouellette), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Population Health Research Institute (McGillion, Whitlock, Devereaux, Belley-Cote, Borges, Vincent, Lamy, Bangdiwala, Le Manach, Harvey, Conen), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (Parlow, Arellano), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (Parlow, Shelley, DuMerton, Arellano), Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Belley-Cote, Yousef, Borges, Marcucci, Chaudhry, Haider, Guyatt, Patel, Conen, Tandon), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Whitlock, Devereaux, Marcucci, Bangdiwala, Guyatt), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Departments of Critical Care and Anesthesiology (Jacka), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Surgery (Adili, Harlock, Simunovic, Nenshi), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton (Adili, LeBlanc, Nenshi, Tandon), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (Lalu, McCartney, Hamilton), University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Moloo, Lalu, Halman, Forster, Hamilton), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine (Sehmbi, Nagappa, Yang), Schulich School of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont.; Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine (Sehmbi, Nagappa, Yang), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Hamilton Health Sciences (Meyer, Paulin, Pettit, Lamy, Lounsbury, Scott, Patel, Ouellette, O'Leary), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Anesthesia (Shanthanna, Paul, Le Manach, O'Leary), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Roshanov, Mrkobrada), Schulich School of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont.; Department of Internal Medicine (Ofori), University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, West Africa; Department of Medicine (Graham, Taylor), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Halman, Forster), University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.; Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing (Peter), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Marosi), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; Alberta Health Services (Deuchar), Alberta, Canada; Department of Surgery (Parry, Schlachta, Schemitsch), University of Western Ontario and London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery (Williams), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Oncology (Meyer), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Surgery (Pichora), Queen's University and Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, Ont.; Department of Surgery (Moloo), University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.; The Ottawa Hospital (Waggott), Ottawa, Ont. p.j.devereaux@phri.ca.

PMID: 33653769
PMCID: PMC8034369
DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20200176

Erratum in

Correction: Post Discharge after Surgery Virtual Care with Remote Automated Monitoring Technology (PVC-RAM): protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
[No authors listed] [No authors listed] CMAJ Open. 2021 Jun 18;9(2):E680. doi: 10.9778/cmajo.20210153. Print 2021 Apr-Jun. CMAJ Open. 2021. PMID: 34145053 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

Abstract

Background: After nonelective (i.e., semiurgent, urgent and emergent) surgeries, patients discharged from hospitals are at risk of readmissions, emergency department visits or death. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, we are undertaking the Post Discharge after Surgery Virtual Care with Remote Automated Monitoring Technology (PVC-RAM) trial to determine if virtual care with remote automated monitoring (RAM) compared with standard care will increase the number of days adult patients remain alive at home after being discharged following nonelective surgery.

Methods: We are conducting a randomized controlled trial in which 900 adults who are being discharged after nonelective surgery from 8 Canadian hospitals are randomly assigned to receive virtual care with RAM or standard care. Outcome adjudicators are masked to group allocations. Patients in the experimental group learn how to use the study's tablet computer and RAM technology, which will measure their vital signs. For 30 days, patients take daily biophysical measurements and complete a recovery survey. Patients interact with nurses via the cellular modem-enabled tablet, who escalate care to preassigned and available physicians if RAM measurements exceed predetermined thresholds, patients report symptoms, a medication error is identified or the nurses have concerns they cannot resolve. The primary outcome is number of days alive at home during the 30 days after randomization.

Interpretation: This trial will inform management of patients after discharge following surgery in the COVID-19 pandemic and offer insights for management of patients who undergo nonelective surgery in a nonpandemic setting. Knowledge dissemination will be supported through an online multimedia resource centre, policy briefs, presentations, peer-reviewed journal publications and media engagement.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, no. NCT04344665.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: CloudDX undertook training sessions for study nurses, perioperative physicians and surgeons regarding how to use their technology. David Conen has received personal fees from Servier Canada, outside of the current work. Emil Schemitsch has received personal fees from Stryker, Smith & Nephew, ITS Implants, Acumed, Swemac and DePuy Synthes, outside the present work. Emilie Belley-Cote has received grants from Bayer and Roche, outside the present work. Richard Whitlock has received grants from Bayer, Roche and Boehringer Ingelheim, an honorarium from Boehringer Ingeheim and consulting fees from AtriCure and PhaseBio, outside the present work. P.J. Devereaux has received a grant from Roche Diagnostics for the present work and grants from Abbott Diagnostics, Boehringer Ingeheim, Roche Diagnostics and Siemens, outside the present work, as well as patient monitors from Philips Healthcare and troponin assays from Siemens, outside the present work.

Figures

**Figure 2:**
Cloud DX Connected Health Kit, including Bluetooth-enabled Pulsewave wrist cuff blood pressure monitor, body weight scale, wireless oximeter and temperature probe, paired with Android health tablet. Reproduced with permission from Cloud DX.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

1. All-cause readmission to acute care and return to the emergency department. Ottawa: Canadian Institute for Health Information; 2012.
1. Glance LG, Kellermann AL, Osler TM, et al. Hospital readmission after non-cardiac surgery: the role of major complications. JAMA Surg. 2014;149:439–45. - PubMed
1. Vascular Events in Noncardiac Surgery Patients Cohort Evaluation (VISION) Study Investigators. Association between complications and death within 30 days after noncardiac surgery. CMAJ. 2019;191:E830–7. - PMC - PubMed
1. Yang H, Dervin G, Madden S, et al. Postoperative home monitoring after joint replacement: retrospective outcome study comparing cases with matched historical controls. JMIR Perioper Med. 2018 Jul-Dec;:e10169. - PMC - PubMed
1. Devereaux PJ, Yang H, Yusuf S, et al. Effects of extended-release metoprolol succinate in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery (POISE trial): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2008;371:1839–47. - PubMed

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Post Discharge after Surgery Virtual Care with Remote Automated Monitoring Technology (PVC-RAM): protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Collaborators

Affiliations

Post Discharge after Surgery Virtual Care with Remote Automated Monitoring Technology (PVC-RAM): protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Authors

Collaborators

Affiliations

Erratum in

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

References

Publication types

MeSH terms

Associated data

LinkOut - more resources

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