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. 2021 Mar 30;30(1):63-71.
doi: 10.7570/jomes20086.

Screening of Obese Offspring of First-Cousin Consanguineous Subjects for the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene with a 287-bp Alu Sequence

Amal F Alshammary  1 , Imran Ali Khan  1
Affiliations

Screening of Obese Offspring of First-Cousin Consanguineous Subjects for the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene with a 287-bp Alu Sequence

Amal F Alshammary et al. J Obes Metab Syndr. .

Abstract

Background: Consanguinity, defined as a blood relation between couples, is associated with genetic diseases in their offspring. In Saudi Arabia, obesity is considered a major health problem associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) with insertion (I) and deletion (D) polymorphisms of an Alu-287 bp sequence has been implicated in multiple metabolic disorders, including obesity. To date, no studies have been conducted in the Saudi population regarding the ACE gene in consanguineous offspring with obesity. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate genetic associations in offspring of first cousins, and specifically the relationship between obesity and ACE (Alu-287 bp) was evaluated in the Saudi population.

Methods: In total, 91 cases of obesity in the offspring of first-cousin couples and 100 control subjects without obesity but with a family history of consanguinity were included. Using genomic DNA, ACE ID polymorphisms between the cases and controls were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction.

Results: There were strong differences in the height, weight, and body mass index between the cases and controls (P<0.001). A genotype analysis confirmed the strong association with allele frequencies (P<0.001; odds ratio, 4.902; 95% confidence interval, 2.867-8.379) when compared between the cases and controls. One-way analysis of variance showed a positive correlation with height and logistic regression (covariance) that could not be strongly correlated (P>0.05).

Conclusion: In conclusion, the ACE gene polymorphism was found, through allele frequencies, to be associated with obesity in the offspring of consanguineous first cousins in the Saudi population.

Keywords: Alu-287 bp; Angiotensin-converting enzyme-insertion/deletion; Consanguineous couples; Consanguinity; First cousin; Obesity; Offspring.

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Conflict of interest statement

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Presentation of 3% agarose gel electrophoresis with undigested angiotensin- converting enzyme (ACE ) products. Lane 1: 100 bp ladder, lane 2–4: II genotype (490 bp), lane 5–7: DD genotype (190 bp), lane 8–12: ID genotype (490/190 bp). I, insertion; D, deletion.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Scatter plot (A) and box plot (B) representing the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genotypes and body mass index (BMI) in obesity cases. I, insertion; D, deletion.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Representation of the association between sex and body mass index (BMI) of obesity cases through scatter plot (A) and box plot (B).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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