Correlation of Clinical Factors and Audiometric Characteristics with MRI Findings in Patients with Asymmetric Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Abstract

Context: To identify the presence of any correlative factors between presenting symptoms and characteristics of asymmetrical sensorineural hearing loss on audiogram, and if retrocochlear pathology was identified on MRI in patients presenting in a private practice setting.

Methods: A retrospective study of patients meeting inclusion criteria who underwent MRI for asymmetric hearing loss between March 2014 to March 2017 was reviewed using Allscripts electronic health records. This data was then compiled in an excel spreadsheet and submitted for statistical analysis.

Results: Of the initial 687 study patients, N = 303 patients met the inclusion criteria for review. Of these 303, 48 patients (15.8%) had abnormal MRI findings. Chi-square analysis performed showed no significant association of varied clinical variables (e.g. uni and bi-lateral tinnitus, vertigo, etc.) with abnormal MRI. Point Biserial Correlation analysis revealed no statistically significant correlations, with the exception of that between AS (Left Ear) 6 kHz and MRI lesions (r = -0.115, p = 0.045). Logistic and multinomial logistic regression analysis used to calculate odds ratios showed that for patients with hearing loss at the 6 kHz (dB) level, there is a very slightly lower, statistically significant likelihood of lesions showing up on MRI (OR, 0.984 (95% CI, 0.970-0.998), p = 0.0251).

Conclusions: The results lead to the conclusion that there may be an association between experiencing hearing loss at the level of 6 kHz and a slightly lower chance of the presence of retrocochlear lesion noted on MRI.

Keywords: asymmetrical sensorineural hearing loss; audiogram; magnetic resonance imaging.

Figure 1 Acoustic Neuroma

MRI brain/internal auditory canals of 19mm enhancing Ieft acoustic neuroma. Image obtained from North Oakland Ear, Nose & Throat Centers P.C.