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. 2021 Feb 26:14:31-41.
doi: 10.2147/IBPC.S272548. eCollection 2021.

Risk Factors and Comorbidities in Young Indian Patients with Hypertension: REAL YOUNG (Hypertension) Study

Nagaraj Desai  1 , Govindan Unni  2 , Rajeev Agarwala  3 , Santosh Salagre  4 , Sanjay Godbole  5 , Ashish Dengra  6 , Mahesh V Abhyankar  7 , Santosh Revankar  7
Affiliations

Risk Factors and Comorbidities in Young Indian Patients with Hypertension: REAL YOUNG (Hypertension) Study

Nagaraj Desai et al. Integr Blood Press Control. .

Abstract

Purpose: To analyze the risk factors and comorbidities among the young Indian adults with hypertension.

Patients and methods: This was a retrospective, multicentric real-world study which included patients diagnosed with and receiving treatment for hypertension. Data were collected from the medical records of clinics/hospitals across 623 study sites in India. Patients of either sex and aged 18-45 years were included. Demographic details (age, sex, anthropometric measurement), medical and family history, sedentary lifestyle, smoking status and alcohol consumption data were extracted. Descriptive and comparative analysis (Mann-Whitney U and chi-squared test) was done.

Results: Out of 15,006 young patients diagnosed with hypertension (men=63.6%), 65.7% belonged to the age group of >35-45 years. The median body mass index was 27.0 kg/m2. Patients diagnosed with only hypertension were 29.1% while other predominant comorbidities with hypertension were diabetes mellitus (42.4%) and dyslipidemia (7.8%). Hypertension with diabetes mellitus were prevalent in the age group of >35-45 years (43.8%). More than half of the patients with hypertension (n=7656) had a sedentary lifestyle. Overall, 35.6%, 47.3%, and 56.7% of the patients were alcoholic, smokers (present and former), and had a family history of hypertension, respectively.

Conclusion: The results showed that among the young population, hypertension was common in the age group of >35-45 years and diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia were common comorbidities. Family history, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, alcohol consumption, and body mass index may also contribute to hypertension.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus; dyslipidemia; prevalence; young population.

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Conflict of interest statement

Dr Mahesh Abhyankar and Dr Santosh Revankar are employees of USV Pvt. Ltd. Mahesh V Abhyankar reports personal fees from USV Pvt. Ltd, during the conduct of the study. The authors report no other conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Scatter plot showing negative correlation between duration of disease and blood pressure.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution of patients according to (A) age group and (B) family history of diagnosis/disease condition.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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