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Review
. 2021 Feb 25;19(3):122.
doi: 10.3390/md19030122.

Secondary Metabolites from the Marine Sponges of the Genus Petrosia: A Literature Review of 43 Years of Research

Yeon-Ju Lee  1   2 , Yeonwoo Cho  1   2 , Huynh Nguyen Khanh Tran  1
Affiliations
Review

Secondary Metabolites from the Marine Sponges of the Genus Petrosia: A Literature Review of 43 Years of Research

Yeon-Ju Lee et al. Mar Drugs. .

Abstract

Sponges are prolific sources of various natural products that have provided the chemical scaffolds for new drugs. The sponges of the genus Petrosia inhabit various regions and contain a variety of biologically active natural products such as polyacetylenes, sterols, meroterpenoids, and alkaloids. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the chemical structures and biological activities of Petrosia metabolites covering a period of more than four decades (between 1978 and 2020). It is also described in this review that the major groups of metabolites from members of the genus Petrosia differed with latitude. The polyacetylenes were identified to be the most predominant metabolites in Petrosia sponges in temperate regions, while tropical Petrosia species were sources of a greater variety of metabolites, such as meroterpenoids, sterols, polyacetylenes, and alkaloids.

Keywords: Petrosia; geography; metabolite; polyacetylene; sponge.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Polyacetylenes isolated from Mediterranean Petrosia sponges.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Polyacetylenic alcohols isolated from Japanese Petrosia sponges.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Polyacetylenic enol ether glyceride and carboxylate from Japanese P. sponges.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Petrocortyne derivatives isolated from Korean Petrosia sponges.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Petrosiacetylenes isolated from Korean Petrosia sponges.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Polyacetylenic enol ether glycerides and carboxylates isolated from Korean Petrosia sponges.
Figure 7
Figure 7
2,4-Diyn-1-ols isolated from tropical Petrosia sponges.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Enyne carboxylates isolated from tropical Petrosia sponges.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Sterols isolated from tropical Petrosia sponges.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Polyhydroxysterols isolated from tropical Petrosia sponges.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Sulfated sterols isolated from tropical Petrosia sponges.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Sterols isolated from temperate Petrosia sponges.
Figure 13
Figure 13
Strongylophorine derivatives isolated from tropical Petrosia sponges.
Figure 14
Figure 14
Monomeric halenaquinone derivatives isolated from tropical Petrosia sponges.
Figure 15
Figure 15
Dimeric and trimeric halenquinone derivatives isolated from tropical Petrosia sponges.
Figure 16
Figure 16
Merosesquiterpenoids isolated from S. hartmani.
Figure 17
Figure 17
Saponins isolated from an Indonesian Petrosia sp.
Figure 18
Figure 18
Alkaloids isolated from tropical Petrosia sponges.
Figure 19
Figure 19
Depsipeptides isolated from a Korean Petrosia sp.
Figure 20
Figure 20
Fatty acid derivatives isolated from Petrosia sponges.
Figure 21
Figure 21
Number of compounds and publications for each type of Petrosia metabolites.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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