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Meta-Analysis
. 2021 Feb 11;18(4):1773.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph18041773.

Metabolic Syndrome and Coronary Artery Disease Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Amal F Alshammary  1 , Khalid Khalaf Alharbi  1 , Naif Jameel Alshehri  1 , Vishal Vennu  2 , Imran Ali Khan  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Metabolic Syndrome and Coronary Artery Disease Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Amal F Alshammary et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Although numerous studies have described the link between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), no meta-analysis has been carried out on this relationship. Thus, the present study intended to address this limitation. A systematic search was carried out using electronic databases, such as PubMed, CINAHL Plus, Medline, and Web of Science. A sum of 10 studies (n = 9327) was incorporated in the meta-analysis. Compared with non-MetS, MetS was significantly associated with high CAD risk (OR = 4.03, 95% CI = 3.56-4.56). The MetS components were also significantly correlated with high CAD risk (OR = 3.72, 95% CI = 3.22-4.40). The presence of two (OR = 3.93, 95% CI = 2.81-5.49), three (OR = 4.09, 95% CI = 2.85-5.86), four (OR = 4.04, 95% CI = 2.83-5.78), or all five MetS components (OR = 3.92, 95% CI = 3.11-4.93), were significantly associated with a high risk of CAD. MetS and its individual or combined elements were linked with high CAD risk based on contemporary evidence. Thus, the assessment of MetS and its components might help identify people at a higher risk of advancing CAD in the future.

Keywords: CAD; MetS; cardiovascular disease (CVD); coronary artery disease; metabolic syndrome.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of studies identified through a database search.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The association between MetS and CAD risk. The red symbols indicate individual studies’ odds ratios and black line shows 95% CI. The horizontal points of the diamond show the studies average limits of the 95% CI.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The association between any MetS component and CAD risk. The red symbols indicate individual studies’ odds ratios and black line shows 95% CI. The horizontal points of the diamond show the studies average limits of the 95% CI.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The association of (A) two, (B) three, (C) four, and (D) all five MetS elements with CAD risk. The red symbols indicate individual studies’ odds ratios and black line shows 95% CI. The horizontal points of the diamond show the studies average limits of the 95% CI.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Association between MetS and CAD outcome. The dashed lines indicate the funnel and open circles represents effect from individual studies.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Association between MetS individual components and CAD outcome.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Association between the presence of (A) 2, (B) 3, (C) 4 and (D) all 5 MetS components and CAD outcome. The dashed lines indicate the funnel and open circles represents effect from individual studies.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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