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. 2021 Oct;34(5):418-420.
doi: 10.1177/19714009211000630. Epub 2021 Mar 8.

Incidence of postural headache after lumbar puncture requiring epidural blood patch: Effects of needle caliber; 2-year experience

Warren Chang  1 , Ajla Kadribegic  1 , Kate Denham  1 , Matthew Kulzer  1 , Tyson Tragon  1 , Ty Weis  2 , Michael Spearman  1 , Michael Goldberg  1
Affiliations

Incidence of postural headache after lumbar puncture requiring epidural blood patch: Effects of needle caliber; 2-year experience

Warren Chang et al. Neuroradiol J. 2021 Oct.

Abstract

Purpose: A common complication of lumbar puncture (LP) is postural headaches. Epidural blood patches are recommended if patients fail conservative management. Owing to a perceived increase in the number of post-lumbar puncture headaches (PLPHs) requiring epidural blood patches at a regional hospital in our network, the decision was made to switch from 20 to 22 gauge needles for routine diagnostic LPs.

Materials and methods: Patients presenting for LP and myelography at one network regional hospital were included in the study. The patients were contacted by nursing staff 3 days post-procedure; those patients who still had postural headaches after conservative management and received epidural blood patches were considered positive cases. In total, 292 patients were included; 134 underwent LP with 20-gauge needles (53 male, 81 female, average age 57.7) and 158 underwent LP with 22-gauge needles (79 male, 79 female, average age 54.6).

Results: Of 134 patients undergoing LP with 20-gauge needles, 15 (11%) had PLPH requiring epidural blood patch (11 female, 3 male, average age 38). Of 158 patients undergoing LP with 22-gauge needles, only 5 (3%) required epidural blood patches (all female, average age 43). The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.01). Risk factors for PLPH included female gender, younger age, lower body mass index, history of prior PLPH and history of headaches.

Conclusion: Switching from 20-gauge to 22-gauge needles significantly decreased the incidence of PLPH requiring epidural blood patch. Narrower gauge or non-cutting needles should be considered in patients with risk factors for PLPH, allowing for CSF requirements.

Keywords: CSF leak; Lumbar puncture; epidural blood patch; intracranial hypotension.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Patient Demographics and Incidence of Post Lumbar Puncture Headache by Needle Gauge.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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