Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2021 Feb 23:2021:6670798.
doi: 10.1155/2021/6670798. eCollection 2021.

The Role of Bacterial and Fungal Human Respiratory Microbiota in COVID-19 Patients

Saber Soltani  1   2 , Armin Zakeri  3 , Milad Zandi  1   2 , Mina Mobini Kesheh  4 , Alireza Tabibzadeh  4 , Mahsa Dastranj  5 , Samireh Faramarzi  6 , Mojtaba Didehdar  7 , Hossein Hafezi  8 , Parastoo Hosseini  1 , Abbas Farahani  5
Affiliations
Review

The Role of Bacterial and Fungal Human Respiratory Microbiota in COVID-19 Patients

Saber Soltani et al. Biomed Res Int. .

Abstract

Recently, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiologic agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has led to a worldwide pandemic with millions of infected patients. Alteration in humans' microbiota was also reported in COVID-19 patients. The alteration in human microbiota may contribute to bacterial or viral infections and affect the immune system. Moreover, human's microbiota can be altered due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and these microbiota changes can indicate the progression of COVID-19. While current studies focus on the gut microbiota, it seems necessary to pay attention to the lung microbiota in COVID-19. This study is aimed at reviewing respiratory microbiota dysbiosis among COVID-19 patients to encourage further studies on the field for assessment of SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory microbiota interaction.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The lung microbiome in disease and health condition.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Guo Y.-R., Cao Q.-D., Hong Z.-S., et al. The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak–an update on the status. Military Medical Research. 2020;7(1):p. 11. doi: 10.1186/s40779-020-00240-0. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Soltani S. The hemagglutinin-esterase gene in human coronaviruses SARS-CoV-2, HKU1 and OC43. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences. 2020;24(12):6484–6485. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202006_21630. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Soltani S., Zandi M., Aghbash P. S., et al. A review of COVID‐19 vaccines and major considerations for diabetic patients. Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry. 2020;67(6):1–11. doi: 10.1002/bab.2076. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Zhu N., Zhang D., Wang W., et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020;382(8):727–733. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2001017. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Belouzard S., Chu V. C., Whittaker G. R. Activation of the SARS coronavirus spike protein via sequential proteolytic cleavage at two distinct sites. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2009;106(14):5871–5876. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0809524106. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources