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. 2021 Mar 1:14:885-893.
doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S298068. eCollection 2021.

Predictive Value of GAD Antibody for Diabetes in Normal Chinese Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study in China

Jing Li  1 , Songbai Lin  1 , Chuiwen Deng  2 , Tengda Xu  1
Affiliations

Predictive Value of GAD Antibody for Diabetes in Normal Chinese Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study in China

Jing Li et al. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. .

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of GAD antibody (GADA) in the general adult population and to evaluate its predictive value for diabetes in China.

Patients and methods: We searched the PUMCH-HM database and identified 36,731 adult subjects with GADA test results from 2012 to 2015. We then established a retrospective cohort of 4835 nondiabetic subjects at baseline with complete annual health evaluation records through 2019. The median follow-up time was 4.8 (3.0-7.3) years.

Results: The overall prevalence of GADA was 0.53% and was higher in diabetic subjects (1.25%) than in nondiabetic subjects (0.47%). We found a decrease in baseline body mass index (BMI) from the GADA- to GADAhigh subgroups among baseline diabetic and prediabetic patients and also those who developed diabetes later in the cohort study. A total of 136 subjects (2.8%) developed diabetes after a median follow-up of 3.5 years. For GADA+ participants, BMI was not associated with the risk for diabetes. In the Cox regression model, the GADAlow and GADAhigh exhibited 2.63-fold and 4.16-fold increased risk for diabetes, respectively. This increased risk for diabetes by GADA-positivity is only found in male adults (HR 4.55, 95% CI 2.25-9.23).

Conclusion: GADA has a low prevalence in China but is associated with a 2.63-4.16-fold increased risk for diabetes.

Keywords: autoimmune diabetes; glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody; latent autoimmune diabetes in adults; obesity; prevention.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Cumulative (Cum) incidence of diabetes among all the subjects and male/female subgroups.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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