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Case Reports
. 2021 Mar 10;21(1):128.
doi: 10.1186/s12893-021-01122-5.

A giant posterior mediastinal malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor and benign neurofibroma in body surface: a case report

Yan Zhang  1 , Hongfei Cai  1 , Guangchao Lv  1 , Yang Li  2
Affiliations
Case Reports

A giant posterior mediastinal malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor and benign neurofibroma in body surface: a case report

Yan Zhang et al. BMC Surg. .

Abstract

Background: Neurofibromatosis comprises neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and type 2 (NF2). Major tumor type of NF1 are neurofibroma recognized as benign peripheral nerve tumor, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST), and glioma.

Case presentation: We report a woman with a special condition, whose tumors in body surfaces were benign neurofibroma and tumors in posterior mediastinum are MPNST. The chest-enhanced CT suggested a round soft tissue density in posteriormediastium. The diagnosis was established by pathology and immunohistochemistry. A single-stage thoracoscopic mediastinal mass resection was performed. The whole operation went smoothly and the CT scan of lungs did not show relapse of tumor three months later.

Conclusions: The appearance of neurofibroma should draw particular attention to the possibility of developing MPNST. More careful imaging examinations should be carried out, and pathological examination could diagnose it.

Keywords: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor; Mediastinal tumor; Neurofibroma; Neurofibromatosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Photograph of neurofibroma in body surface
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Chest enhanced CT showing a round soft tissue density sized 8.4 × 4.0 cm (red arrow)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Intraoperative image showing a tumor with abundant blood supply and incomplete capsule (a), and postoperative image in histopathological examination (b)
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining showed obvious tumor cell atypia and irregular nuclei > 10/10 HPF (High power field). a 40×; b 100×; c 200×; d 400×
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Immunohistochemistry staining of S-100 showing positive staining. a 100×; b 200×
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
The CT scan of lungs did not show relapse of tumor after 3 months
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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