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Review
. 2021 Mar 10;18(1):13.
doi: 10.1186/s12950-021-00279-3.

Interleukin 10 and interleukin 10 receptor in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease: from bench to bedside lesson

Paulina Krawiec  1 , Agnieszka Pawłowska-Kamieniak  2 , Elżbieta Pac-Kożuchowska  2
Affiliations
Review

Interleukin 10 and interleukin 10 receptor in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease: from bench to bedside lesson

Paulina Krawiec et al. J Inflamm (Lond). .

Abstract

Background: The differences between adults and children in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) phenotype, severity, complications, co-morbidities, and response to the therapy resulted in the extraction of paediatric IBD. It has been revealed that the substantial role in the development of IBD in children under 6 years of age plays a single genetic mutation (monogenic IBD). On the other hand, in older children and adolescents IBD is usually associated with number of interactions between susceptibility loci (polygenic IBD).

Main body: Until now there have been described about 60 monogenic defects which affect the variety of immune mechanisms in IBD pathogenesis including epithelial barrier, function of neutrophil granulocytes and phagocytes, T- and B-cell selection and activation, immune inhibitory mechanisms, or apoptosis. Il-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine which modulates innate and adaptive immunity affecting expression of pro-inflammatory molecules and function of the variety of immune cells. Patients with identified defects in Il-10 pathway manifest with life-threating colitis with perianal lesions which occurs within first months of life. Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is curative therapy in children with Il-10 signalling defects.

Conclusion: Clinical awareness of Il-10 signalling defects enables early recognition and prompt management of the disease.

Keywords: Crohn’s disease; Genetics; Immunity; Ulcerative colitis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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