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. 2021 Mar;62(3):240-246.

Effects of a perioperative antibiotic and veterinary probiotic on fecal dysbiosis index in dogs

Brittany Lucchetti  1 , Selena L Lane  1 , Amie Koenig  1 , Jennifer Good  1 , Jan S Suchodolski  1 , Benjamin M Brainard  1
Affiliations

Effects of a perioperative antibiotic and veterinary probiotic on fecal dysbiosis index in dogs

Brittany Lucchetti et al. Can Vet J. 2021 Mar.

Abstract
in English, French

Although widely used, the effects of perioperative antibiotics on the gastrointestinal microbiome are still being researched. The role of probiotics to ameliorate adverse effects of perioperative antibiotics is unclear. The dysbiosis index (DI), based on a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) technique, is used to assess gastrointestinal health. The DI in dogs receiving perioperative antibiotics and the effects of concurrent probiotics were evaluated in this study. This was a prospective study of 20 dogs undergoing hemilaminectomy. Baseline and 48-hour postoperative fecal DI were evaluated. Eleven dogs received a probiotic and 9 received placebo. Preanesthetic DI was not different between treatment groups (P = 0.378). One bacterial group, Blautia, decreased in the placebo group (P = 0.002); however, there was no change in the probiotic group (P = 0.336). The DI increased numerically after probiotic administration, but the time × treatment interaction was not significant (P = 0.996). Administration of a probiotic failed to improve DI. Further investigation is needed to evaluate long-term effects of perioperative antibiotics on the gut microbiome.

Effets d’un antibiotique périopératoire et d’un probiotique vétérinaire sur l’indice de dysbiose fécale chez le chien. Les antibiotiques périopératoires sont largement utilisés, mais leurs effets sur le microbiome gastro-intestinal sont toujours à l’étude. Le rôle des probiotiques dans l’amélioration des effets indésirables liés aux antibiotiques périopératoires n’est pas clair. L’indice de dysbiose (ID), une technique de PCR quantitative, est utilisé pour évaluer la santé gastro-intestinale. Cette étude a évalué l’ID chez les chiens recevant des antibiotiques périopératoires ainsi que tout effet lié à l’administration d’un probiotique en simultané. Il s’agissait d’une étude prospective portant sur 20 chiens subissant une hémilaminectomie. Les valeurs d’ID de référence ainsi que 48 heures postopératoires ont été évaluées. Onze chiens ont reçu un probiotique; 9 ont reçu un placebo. L’ID pré-anesthésique n’était pas différent entre les deux groupes (P = 0,378). Un groupe bactérien, Blautia, a diminué dans le groupe placebo (P = 0,002); il n’y a eu aucun changement dans le groupe probiotique (P = 0,336). L’ID a augmenté quantitativement après l’administration de probiotiques, mais l’interaction « temps × traitement » n’était pas significative (P = 0,996). L’administration d’un probiotique n’a pas amélioré l’ID. Des recherches supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour évaluer les effets à long terme des antibiotiques périopératoires sur le microbiome intestinal.(Traduit par les auteurs).

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Dysbiosis index for 11 dogs receiving probiotic. The DI was more positive at the 48-hour time point; however, the time × treatment interaction was not significant for either group (P = 0.996). Dots represent individual patient data, with lines showing change in DI. The baseline DI before administration of anesthesia or antibiotics is displayed on the left and the 48-hour post-surgery for hemilaminectomy on the right. The bold lines indicate the median and the box indicates the 50th percentile.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Dysbiosis index for 9 dogs receiving placebo. The DI was more positive at the 48-hour time point; however, the time × treatment interaction was not significant for either group (P = 0.996). Dots represent individual patient data, with lines showing change in DI. The baseline DI before administration of anesthesia or antibiotics is displayed on the left and the 48-hour post-surgery for hemilaminectomy on the right. The bold lines indicate the median and the box indicates the 50th percentile.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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