Competing interests: SMF served as consultant or advisory board member for Roche, Gilead Sciences, Allergan, Abbvie, Bayer, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Actelion, Astellas, Genfit, Inventiva, Intercept, Echosens, Genentech, Novo Nordisk, Novartis, Astra Zeneca, Galmed, Promethera, Coherus, Madrigal, Julius Clinical and NGM Bio. He acted as speaker for Gilead Sciences, Genfit, Bayer, Abbvie, Intercept and Allergan. He received grants from Gilead, Roche, Bristol-Meyers Squibb and Genfit. Vincent Wong served as a consultant or advisory board member for 3V-BIO, AbbVie, Allergan, Boehringer Ingelheim, Center for Outcomes Research in Liver Diseases, Echosens, Gilead Sciences, Hanmi Pharmaceutical, Intercept, Inventiva, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Perspectum Diagnostics, Pfizer, ProSciento, Sagimet Biosciences, TARGET PharmaSolutions and Terns; and a speaker for AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Echosens, and Gilead Sciences. He has received a grant from Gilead Sciences for fatty liver research.