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Review
. 2021 Feb 24:11:626322.
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2020.626322. eCollection 2020.

Stem Cell Paracrine Signaling for Treatment of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency

Alba M Polonio  1 , Juan A García-Velasco  1   2   3 , Sonia Herraiz  1
Affiliations
Review

Stem Cell Paracrine Signaling for Treatment of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency

Alba M Polonio et al. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Premature ovarian insufficiency is a common disorder affecting young women and represents the worst-case ovarian scenario due to the substantial impact on the reproductive lifespan of these patients. Due to the complexity of this condition, which is not fully understood, non-effective treatments have yet been established for these patients. Different experimental approaches are being explored and strategies based on stem cells deserve special attention. The regenerative and immunomodulatory properties of stem cells have been successfully tested in different tissues, including ovary. Numerous works point out to the efficacy of stem cells in POI treatment, and a wide range of clinical trials have been developed in order to prove safety and effectiveness of stem cells therapy-in diminished ovarian reserve and POI women. The main purpose of this review is to describe the state of the art of the treatment of POI involving stem cells, especially those that use mobilization of stem cells or paracrine signaling.

Keywords: autologous stem cell ovarian transplant; follicular rescue; mobilization; ovarian rejuvenation; premature ovarian insufficiency; stem cells.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Follicullogenis. Granulosa and theca cells assist oocyte progression towards ovulation (10). Follicle development is shown in the picture.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Proposed mechanisms for Stem Cell Therapy in ovarian damage. TNF-α: Tumor Necrosis Factor α, VEGF: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, HGF: Hepatocyte Growth Factor, IGF-1: Insuline Like Growth Factor 1, bFGF: Basic Fibrolast Growth factor, FGF2: Fibrolast Growth Factor 2, IL-6: Interkuline 6, PDGF: Platelet Derived Growth Factor.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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