Neuropsychiatric Complications of COVID-19

doi:10.1007/s11920-021-01237-9

Review

. 2021 Mar 16;23(5):25.

doi: 10.1007/s11920-021-01237-9.

Neuropsychiatric Complications of COVID-19

Zev M Nakamura^{1

2}, Rebekah P Nash³, Sarah L Laughon³, Donald L Rosenstein^{3

4

5}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 101 Manning Drive, Campus Box #7160, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. zev_nakamura@med.unc.edu.
² Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. zev_nakamura@med.unc.edu.
³ Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 101 Manning Drive, Campus Box #7160, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
⁴ Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
⁵ Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

PMID: 33725218
PMCID: PMC7962429
DOI: 10.1007/s11920-021-01237-9

Review

Neuropsychiatric Complications of COVID-19

Zev M Nakamura et al. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2021.

. 2021 Mar 16;23(5):25.

doi: 10.1007/s11920-021-01237-9.

Authors

Zev M Nakamura^{1

2}, Rebekah P Nash³, Sarah L Laughon³, Donald L Rosenstein^{3

4

5}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 101 Manning Drive, Campus Box #7160, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. zev_nakamura@med.unc.edu.
² Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. zev_nakamura@med.unc.edu.
³ Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 101 Manning Drive, Campus Box #7160, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
⁴ Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
⁵ Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

PMID: 33725218
PMCID: PMC7962429
DOI: 10.1007/s11920-021-01237-9

Abstract

Purpose of review: To describe the presentation, etiologies, and suggested management of post-acute COVID-19 neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Recent findings: Over 30% of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 may exhibit cognitive impairment, depression, and anxiety that persist for months after discharge. These symptoms are even more common in patients who required intensive care for severe effects of the virus. In addition to the pandemic-related psychological stress, multiple biological mechanisms have been proposed to understand the neuropsychiatric symptoms observed with COVID-19. Given limited research regarding effective interventions, we recommend pharmacologic and behavioral strategies with established evidence in other medically-ill populations. Long-term, neuropsychiatric complications of COVID-19 are common and consequential. Because these are likely to co-occur with other medical problems, patients recovering from COVID-19 are best managed in clinics with highly coordinated care across disciplines and medical specialties. Future research is needed to inform appropriate interventions.

Keywords: COVID-19; Mental health; Neurocognitive; Neuropsychiatric; Post-COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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References

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[1] Johns Hopkins University & Medicine. COVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU) [Internet]. 2020. Available from: https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html

[2] Johns Hopkins University & Medicine. COVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU) [Internet]. 2020. Available from: https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html

[3] Pandharipande PP, Girard TD, Jackson JC, Morandi A, Thompson JL, Pun BT, et al. Long-term cognitive impairment after critical illness. N Engl J Med Mass Medical Soc. 2013;369:1306–1316. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1301372. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Pandharipande PP, Girard TD, Jackson JC, Morandi A, Thompson JL, Pun BT, et al. Long-term cognitive impairment after critical illness. N Engl J Med Mass Medical Soc. 2013;369:1306–1316. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1301372. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Rubin R. As their numbers grow, COVID-19 “long haulers” stump experts. JAMA. 2020;324:1381–1383. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.17709. - DOI - PubMed

[6] Rubin R. As their numbers grow, COVID-19 “long haulers” stump experts. JAMA. 2020;324:1381–1383. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.17709. - DOI - PubMed

[7] Woo MS, Malsy J, Pöttgen J, Zai SS, Ufer F, Hadjilaou A, et al Frequent neurocognitive deficits after recovery from mild COVID-19. Brain Commun. 2020;2:fcaa205. - PMC - PubMed

[8] Woo MS, Malsy J, Pöttgen J, Zai SS, Ufer F, Hadjilaou A, et al Frequent neurocognitive deficits after recovery from mild COVID-19. Brain Commun. 2020;2:fcaa205. - PMC - PubMed

[9] Hoffman LA, Vilensky JA. Encephalitis lethargica: 100 years after the epidemic. Brain. 2017;140:2246–2251. doi: 10.1093/brain/awx177. - DOI - PubMed

[10] Hoffman LA, Vilensky JA. Encephalitis lethargica: 100 years after the epidemic. Brain. 2017;140:2246–2251. doi: 10.1093/brain/awx177. - DOI - PubMed

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Neuropsychiatric Complications of COVID-19

Affiliations

Neuropsychiatric Complications of COVID-19

Authors

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