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. 2021 Mar 16;11(1):6083.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-85748-8.

Protective effect of titanium tetrafluoride and silver diamine fluoride on radiation-induced dentin caries in vitro

Beatriz Martines de Souza  1 , Mayara Souza Silva  1 , Aline Silva Braga  1 , Patrícia Sanches Kerges Bueno  2 , Paulo Sergio da Silva Santos  2 , Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf  1 , Ana Carolina Magalhães  3
Affiliations

Protective effect of titanium tetrafluoride and silver diamine fluoride on radiation-induced dentin caries in vitro

Beatriz Martines de Souza et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

This in vitro study evaluated the protective effect of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) varnish and silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution on the radiation-induced dentin caries. Bovine root dentin samples were irradiated (70 Gy) and treated as follows: (6 h): 4% TiF4 varnish; 5.42% NaF varnish; 30% SDF solution; placebo varnish; or untreated (negative control). Microcosm biofilm was produced from human dental biofilm (from patients with head-neck cancer) mixed with McBain saliva for the first 8 h. After 16 h and from day 2 to day 5, McBain saliva (0.2% sucrose) was replaced daily (37 °C, 5% CO2) (biological triplicate). Demineralization was quantified by transverse microradiography (TMR), while biofilm was analyzed by using viability, colony-forming units (CFU) counting and lactic acid production assays. The data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA (p < 0.05). TiF4 and SDF were able to reduce mineral loss compared to placebo and the negative control. TiF4 and SDF significantly reduced the biofilm viability compared to negative control. TiF4 significantly reduced the CFU count of total microorganism, while only SDF affected total streptococci and mutans streptococci counts. The varnishes induced a reduction in lactic acid production compared to the negative control. TiF4 and SDF may be good alternatives to control the development of radiation-induced dentin caries.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors B.M.S, M.S.S., A.S.B., P.S.K.B and P.S.S.S. declare no potential conflict of interests, while M.A.R.B. and A.C.M. have patent of TiF4 varnish.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Representative TMR image and lesion profile of a dentin sample from each of the following groups: (A) TiF4 (B) NaF (C) SDF (D) Placebo (E) Negative control. *Arrows identify mineralized areas (radiopaque area) in the lesions belong to TiF4 varnish and SDF solution groups.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mean and standard deviation of the percentage of live bacteria (%). Different letters show significant differences among the treatments. ANOVA/ Tukey–Kramer test (p < 0.0001).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mean and standard deviation of the amount of produced lactic acid (g/L) by the biofilm. Different letters show significant differences among the treatments. ANOVA/ Tukey–Kramer test (p < 0.0001).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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