Kidney involvement in coronavirus-associated diseases (Review)

Abstract

Since 2003, coronaviruses have caused multiple global pandemic diseases, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Clinical and autopsy findings suggest that the occurrence of kidney injury during infection may negatively affect the clinical outcomes of infected patients. The authoritative model predicts that outbreaks of other novel coronavirus pneumonias will continue to threaten human health in the future. The aim of the present systematic review was to summarize the basic knowledge of coronavirus, coronavirus infection-associated kidney injury and the corresponding therapies, in order to provide new insights for clinicians to better understand the kidney involvement of coronavirus so that more effective therapeutic strategies can be employed against coronavirus infection in the future.

Keywords: Middle East respiratory syndrome; coronavirus; coronavirus disease 2019; kidney injury; severe acute respiratory syndrome.

Figure 1

Analysis of ACE2 and DPP4 expression in different normal tissues using two databases. (A) ACE2 and (B) DPP4 expression data from A Database of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Expression Atlas. (C-D) ACE2 and DPP4 expression data from the Human Protein Atlas. (E) The ACE2 and DPP4 expression in kidney derived from the Human Protein Atlas (data was from antibody-based protein profiling using immunohistochemistry). Red box, kidney tissue; blue box, lung tissue. ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; DPP4, dipeptidyl peptidase 4.