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Review
. 2021 Feb 27;6(9):2927-2945.
doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.02.010. eCollection 2021 Sep.

Sterilization and disinfection methods for decellularized matrix materials: Review, consideration and proposal

Meihan Tao  1 , Tianrang Ao  2 , Xiaoyan Mao  1 , Xinzhu Yan  1 , Rabia Javed  1 , Weijian Hou  1 , Yang Wang  1 , Cong Sun  1 , Shuang Lin  1 , Tianhao Yu  3 , Qiang Ao  1   4   5
Affiliations
Review

Sterilization and disinfection methods for decellularized matrix materials: Review, consideration and proposal

Meihan Tao et al. Bioact Mater. .

Abstract

Sterilization is the process of killing all microorganisms, while disinfection is the process of killing or removing all kinds of pathogenic microorganisms except bacterial spores. Biomaterials involved in cell experiments, animal experiments, and clinical applications need to be in the aseptic state, but their physical and chemical properties as well as biological activities can be affected by sterilization or disinfection. Decellularized matrix (dECM) is the low immunogenicity material obtained by removing cells from tissues, which retains many inherent components in tissues such as proteins and proteoglycans. But there are few studies concerning the effects of sterilization or disinfection on dECM, and the systematic introduction of sterilization or disinfection for dECM is even less. Therefore, this review systematically introduces and analyzes the mechanism, advantages, disadvantages, and applications of various sterilization and disinfection methods, discusses the factors influencing the selection of sterilization and disinfection methods, summarizes the sterilization and disinfection methods for various common dECM, and finally proposes a graphical route for selecting an appropriate sterilization or disinfection method for dECM and a technical route for validating the selected method, so as to provide the reference and basis for choosing more appropriate sterilization or disinfection methods of various dECM.

Keywords: Alcohol; Antibiotic; Decellularized matrix; Disinfection; Ethylene oxide; Hydrogen peroxide; Irradiation; Peracetic acid; Sterilization; Supercritical carbon dioxide.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Image 1
Graphical abstract
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The technical route for validating the sterilization or disinfection method for dECM.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Sterilization and disinfection mechanisms of irradiation (A), ethylene oxide (B), peracetic acid (C), and hydrogen peroxide plasma (D).
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Sterilization and disinfection mechanisms of alcohol (A), ultraviolet (B), and supercritical carbon dioxide (C). Three-phase diagram of supercritical carbon dioxide (D).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The action mechanism of antibiotics.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Summary of sterilization and disinfection methods for decellularized pericardium, valves, and blood vessels.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Summary of sterilization and disinfection methods for decellularized tissues and organs in digestive system.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Summary of sterilization and disinfection methods for decellularized lung and trachea.
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Summary of sterilization and disinfection methods for decellularized bladder, kidney and spleen.
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
Summary of sterilization and disinfection methods for decellularized bone, tendon, and nerve.
Fig. 10
Fig. 10
The graphical route for selecting an appropriate sterilization or disinfection method for dECM.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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