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. 2021 Oct;268(10):3598-3600.
doi: 10.1007/s00415-021-10474-0. Epub 2021 Mar 18.

Brainstem clinical and neurophysiological involvement in COVID-19

Tommaso Bocci  1   2   3 , Gaetano Bulfamante  4   2 , Laura Campiglio  1   2   3 , Silvia Coppola  5   2 , Monica Falleni  4   2 , Davide Chiumello  5   2 , Alberto Priori  6   7   8   9
Affiliations

Brainstem clinical and neurophysiological involvement in COVID-19

Tommaso Bocci et al. J Neurol. 2021 Oct.
No abstract available

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Conflict of interest statement

None of the authors have no conflict of interest to report.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Neurophysiology a The blink reflex (BR) in two representative cases: eight superimposed raw traces, recorded in a COVID-19 patient (top) and in in a non-COVID-19 patient (bottom); note that, in the COVID-19 case, ipsilateral RII responses had markedly prolonged latencies and contralateral RII were absent. b Histograms showing RI and RII (ipsilateral and contralateral responses) onset latency (top), amplitudes (middle) and duration (bottom), comparing age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC, black), non-COVID ICU patients (NC-19, gray) and COVID-19 patients (C-19, dark gray). Note that, whereas RI latencies did not differ among groups, both RII latencies and duration (ipsilateral and contralateral) were significantly prolonged in COVID-19 patients. The bulbar RII amplitude was significantly decreased in COVID-19 group. Histograms are mean values, error bars are standard deviation. In the neurophysiological assessment, parametric analyses were used, as all datasets passed the Shapiro–Wilk test for normality (p > 0.05). A one-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare neurophysiological data among groups (healthy volunteers, COVID-19 and other ICU patients) and the Bonferroni method served as post-hoc comparison (statistical significance set at p < 0.017; ***p < 0.0001; **p < 0.01)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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