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. 2021 Apr:174:108753.
doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108753. Epub 2021 Mar 17.

Unexpectedly lower mortality rates in COVID-19 patients with and without type 2 diabetes in Istanbul

Ilhan Satman  1 , Ibrahim Demirci  2 , Cem Haymana  3 , Ilker Tasci  4 , Serpil Salman  5 , Naim Ata  6 , Selcuk Dagdelen  7 , Ibrahim Sahin  8 , Rifat Emral  9 , Erman Cakal  10 , Aysegul Atmaca  11 , Mustafa Sahin  12 , Osman Celik  13 , Tevfik Demir  14 , Derun Ertugrul  15 , Ugur Unluturk  16 , Kazim Yalcin Arga  17 , Murat Caglayan  18 , Alper Sonmez  19
Affiliations

Unexpectedly lower mortality rates in COVID-19 patients with and without type 2 diabetes in Istanbul

Ilhan Satman et al. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2021 Apr.

Abstract

Aims: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for severe COVID-19. Our aim was to compare the clinical outcomes of patients with and without T2DM during the first hit of COVID-19 in Istanbul.

Methods: A retrospective population-based study was conducted including all consecutive adult symptomatic COVID-19 cases. Patients were confirmed with rt-PCR; treated and monitored in accordance with standard protocols. The primary endpoints were hospitalization and 30-day mortality.

Results: Of the 93,571 patients, 22.6% had T2DM, with older age and higher BMI. Propensity Score matched evaluation resulted in significantly higher rates of hospitalization (1.5-fold), 30-day mortality (1.6-fold), and pneumonia (1.4-fold). They revealed more severe laboratory deviations, comorbidities, and frequent drug usage than the Non-DM group. In T2DM age, pneumonia, hypertension, obesity, and insulin-based therapies were associated with an increased likelihood of hospitalization; whereas age, male gender, lymphopenia, obesity, and insulin treatment were considerably associated with higher odds of death.

Conclusions: COVID-19 patients with T2DM had worse clinical outcomes with higher hospitalization and 30-day mortality rates than those without diabetes. Compared to most territories of the world, COVID-19 mortality was much lower in Istanbul, which may be associated with accessible healthcare provision and the younger structure of the population.

Keywords: COVID-19; Hospitalization; Istanbul; Mortality; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Consort diagram of the study participants.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Forest plot graph of multivariable logistic regression analysis of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Istanbul (dependent variables: hospitalization, and mortality).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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