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Case Reports
. 2021 Jul;7(4):1154-1158.
doi: 10.1002/vms3.480. Epub 2021 Mar 22.

Case report: Haemophagocytic histiocytic sarcoma in an english setter

Mikael Kerboeuf  1 , Hege Brun-Hansen  1 , Malin Oscarson  1 , Heidi Sjetne Lund  1
Affiliations
Case Reports

Case report: Haemophagocytic histiocytic sarcoma in an english setter

Mikael Kerboeuf et al. Vet Med Sci. 2021 Jul.

Abstract

A 4-year-old English setter presented with a 1-week history of anorexia, lethargy and occasional vomiting. Blood analysis revealed moderate regenerative anaemia, mild monocytosis, thrombocytopaenia, hypoproteinaemia, hypoglobulinaemia, hypocholesterolaemia and increased C-reactive protein. On ultrasonography, the spleen had multifocal hypoechoic lesions. Fine needle aspirates from the spleen and liver showed marked extramedullary haematopoiesis, an increased number of histiocytes, haemosiderin deposits and erythrophagocytosis. A tentative diagnosis of haemophagocytic histiocytic sarcoma (HHS) was made, and the owners elected euthanasia. On autopsy, the liver and spleen were enlarged. The spleen had an uneven surface and a yellow-tan spotted appearance. Histologically, the red pulp was highly cellular and dominated by erythroid cells, as well as a population of larger polygonal cells and aggregates of histiocytes. HHS was confirmed by CD11d immunolabelling. This represents the first documented case of HHS in an English setter.

Keywords: HHS; anaemia; canine; immunohistochemistry; spleen.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Cytology from the spleen. Mesenchymal cells showing erythrophagocytosis (arrows). Multiple erythroid precursor cells (arrowheads) can be seen in the background. Hemacolor® Rapid stain. 100x objective
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissue, Lungs. CD11d expressing tumour embolism within a pulmonary arterial vessel and surrounding alveolar septal infiltration. Immunoperoxidase stain for CD11d; DAB chromogen and haematoxylin counterstain. 20x objective
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissue, Liver. Diffuse expression of CD11d by tumour cell infiltrates in the sinusoids of the liver. Dark pigment (haemosiderin) can been seen throughout the section. Immunoperoxidase stain for CD11d; DAB chromogen and haematoxylin counterstain. 20x objective
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