Pre- and Post-immigration HIV Testing Behaviors among Young Adult Recent Latino Immigrants in Miami-Dade County, Florida
- PMID: 33751312
- PMCID: PMC8376761
- DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03233-9
Pre- and Post-immigration HIV Testing Behaviors among Young Adult Recent Latino Immigrants in Miami-Dade County, Florida
Abstract
HIV testing early in the immigration process can facilitate timely linkage to HIV prevention and treatment services for immigrants. This study aims to determine the prevalence of self-report HIV testing pre- and post-immigration and the associations between pre-immigration HIV sexual risk behaviors, access to healthcare post-immigration, and HIV testing post-immigration among young adult recent Latino immigrants. Cross-sectional data from 504 recent Latino immigrants aged 18 to 34 who immigrated to Miami-Dade County, Florida during the 12 months before assessment were analyzed using robust Poisson regression models. We found that 23.8% of participants reported HIV testing post-immigration and 56.7% reported HIV testing pre-immigration. The prevalence ratio for post-immigration HIV testing was higher for participants that had health insurance (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]: 1.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21-2.38) and a regular doctor or healthcare provider after immigration (aPR: 1.43, 95% CI 1.03-2.00), and post-immigration HIV testing was higher for participants that had ever been tested for HIV before immigration (aPR: 2.41, 95% CI 1.68-3.45). Also, the prevalence ratio was lower for those who engaged in condomless sex in the three months prior to immigration (aPR: 0.65, 95% 0.47-0.90). These findings suggest that addressing barriers to healthcare and prevention services for young adult recent Latino immigrants is needed to scale-up HIV testing in this population early in the immigration process.
Obtener una prueba del VIH al inicio del proceso de inmigración puede facilitar una conexión inmediata con los servicios de prevención y tratamiento del VIH. Este estudio tiene como propósito determinar la prevalencia auto informada de las pruebas de VIH antes y después de la inmigración, y las asociaciones entre las conductas sexuales de riesgo antes de la inmigración, el acceso a los servicios médicos después de la inmigración y las pruebas de VIH realizadas después de la inmigración en Latinos jóvenes adultos recién llegados a los Estados Unidos. Los datos transversales de 504 inmigrantes Latinos recién llegados entre los 18 y 34 años, que inmigraron al condado de Miami-Dade, Florida, durante los 12 meses anteriores a la evaluación, se analizaron utilizando modelos de regresión de Poisson robustos. Encontramos que 23.8% de los participantes informaron haberse realizado la prueba del VIH después de la inmigración y 56.7% informaron haberse realizado la prueba del VIH antes de la inmigración. El índice de prevalencia para las pruebas del VIH después de la inmigración fue mayor para los participantes que tenían seguro médico [índice de prevalencia ajustado (IPa): 1.70, intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95%: 1.21-2.38] y un médico o proveedor regular de atención médica después de la inmigración [IPa: 1.43, IC del 95%: 1.03-2.00], y para los participantes que se habían hecho la prueba del VIH antes de la inmigración [IPa: 2.41, IC de 95%: 1.68-3.45]. Además, el índice de prevalencia fue menor para aquellos participantes que tuvieron relaciones sexuales sin condón en los tres meses previos a la inmigración [IPa: 0.65, IC del 95%: 0.47-0.90]. Estos resultados sugieren que es necesario abordar las barreras a los servicios médicos y de prevención en los inmigrantes Latinos jóvenes adultos recién llegados a los Estados Unidos para ampliar las pruebas del VIH en esta población al inicio del proceso de inmigración.
Keywords: HIV sexual risk behaviors; HIV testing; Healthcare access; Immigrants; Latino A.
© 2021. This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply.
Conflict of interest statement
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