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. 2021 Mar 23;21(1):147.
doi: 10.1186/s12903-021-01521-3.

Oro-facial malignancy in north of Iraq: a retrospective study of biopsied cases

Sura Ali Ahmed Fuoad  1 , Dena Nadhim Mohammad  2 , Marwa Abdul-Salam Hamied  3 , Balkees Taha Garib  3
Affiliations

Oro-facial malignancy in north of Iraq: a retrospective study of biopsied cases

Sura Ali Ahmed Fuoad et al. BMC Oral Health. .

Abstract

Background: Identifying the prevalence of orofacial malignancies is essential to provide health-care programs and services for a specific population. This study aimed to specify the prevalence, clinical and histopathological features of oral malignancies in Sulaimani for over 12 years.

Methods: All archived reports for orofacial specimens from 2008 to 2019 were collected from three major centers in Sulaimani governorate. The demographic data, date, type of surgery, lesion's site, and diagnosis were recorded. The ICD-10 coding was specified for each case. A Chi-square test was used to assess differences between genders. A one-way ANOVA test was applied to analyze the differences in mean age distributions among different sites of oral malignancies and oral squamous cell carcinoma histopathological grades. P < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results: Orofacial malignant lesions account for 14.53% of the total sample. Patients' mean age was (55.46 ± 18.48) years, and they were predominantly males (M: F ratio = 1.15:1). The tongue was the frequently affected site (14.8%). A Chi-square test showed no significant difference between genders concerning age (P = 0.118), years of registration (P = 0.28), and site (P = 0.29). The C06 (represents; cheek mucosa C06.0, the vestibule of mouth C06.1, retromolar area C06.2, and other unspecified parts of mouth C06.8) was the most frequent topographical ICD-code (18.1%). Carcinoma was a frequent malignancy (63.2%). OSCC was the most common lesion (56.4%). It commonly affects males, and the tongue was the frequent site (24.1%) followed by lip (17.8%).

Conclusions: There is a slight increase in the registered oral malignancies in Sulaimani city over 12 years; they were predominated in males, in 61-70 years old patients, and being oral squamous cell carcinoma types.

Keywords: ICD-10; Oral cancer; Squamous cell carcinoma; Sualimani; Tongue.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Frequency distribution of oral-facial malignant neoplasm in Sulaimani city according to the age group (a), years of registration (b), anatomical site (c), and ICD-10 coding for the total sample (d). Pearson Chi-Square test (P > 0.05) between genders
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The mean age distribution in relation to the site of orofacial malignancy. *Mean age was significantly more for jaw lesions (One-way ANOVA test and post hoc test P = 0.000)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Frequency distribution of different oral-facial histological malignant groups according to the age group. Pearson Chi-Square test (P = 0.000) difference in frequency among age-groups
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Frequency distribution of OSCC concerning age (a), year of registration (b), and location (c) in the total sample and both genders. Pearson Chi-Square test (P value) between genders
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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