Transient characteristics of body sway during single-leg stance in athletes with a history of ankle sprain

Abstract

Background: The role of the measurements of postural stability in the context of screening for ankle sprain risk is still equivocal. Transient characteristics of body sway have been suggested as an alternative or an improvement to traditional whole-trial analyses.

Research question: Are transient characteristics of body sway sensitive to the history of ankle sprain?.

Methods: The assessment of 30-s single-leg body sway was performed on a group of 93 athletes from basketball, soccer, tennis and running who reported at least 1 ankle sprain in the last 12 months, while a group of 244 athletes from the same disciplines served as a control group without an ankle sprain reported for the same time period. We considered the mean center-of-pressure (CoP) velocity, CoP amplitude and CoP frequency. In addition to traditional whole-trial variables, we calculated the relative differences between the 1 st and the 2nd (DIF_21) and 1 st and 3rd (DIF_31) 10-s time intervals within the whole trial.

Results: The indexes of transient characteristics of body sway (i.e., the DIF_21 and DIF_31) were in trivial or weak correlations with whole-trial variables (all r ≤ 0.29). Athletes with ankle sprain history exhibited smaller CoP ML velocity (p = 0.002) and larger CoP ML frequency (p = 0.001). In the injured group, the injured leg exhibited lower total and medial-lateral (ML) CoP velocity (p = 0.005-0.040), as well as lower CoP ML amplitude (p = 0.002) and higher CoP ML frequency (p = 0.010). The transient characteristics of body sway (DIF_21 and DIF_31) were very similar between the groups and between the injured and uninjured legs.

Significance: Transient characteristics of body sway do not appear to differentiate the athletes with and without a history of ankle sprain. Further research is needed to confirm if the transient characteristics of body sway could be used for detection of risk of falls in older adults or assessment of athletic performance.

Keywords: Ankle injury; Base of support; Injury risk; Postural sway; Single leg stance.