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Book

Congenital Ptosis

Unnati V. Shukla  1 , Bhupendra C. Patel  2
In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan.
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Affiliations
Book

Congenital Ptosis

Unnati V. Shukla et al.

Excerpt

"Ptosis," in Greek, means "falling." Congenital ptosis is a condition in which abnormal drooping of the upper eyelid occurs since birth or within the first year of life. It poses a significant functional and psychosocial impact on the child and is cosmetically alarming to both the child and the parents. See Image. Congenital Ptosis.

Ptosis can be divided into 2 broad categories:

  1. True ptosis: True ptosis can be further divided depending on the timing since the development of ptosis into

    1. Congenital ptosis: Congenital maldevelopment of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle resulting in drooping of the eyelid since birth or within the first year of life is known as congenital ptosis.

    2. Acquired ptosis: abnormal drooping of the eyelid after one year of life due to any cause is known as acquired ptosis. Acquired ptosis can be due to neurogenic, myogenic, aponeurotic, or mechanical causes.

  1. Pseudo ptosis: Apparent drooping of the eyelid due to ocular and adnexal causes is known as pseudoptosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure: Unnati Shukla declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies.

Disclosure: Bhupendra Patel declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies.

References

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    1. Pavone P, Cho SY, Praticò AD, Falsaperla R, Ruggieri M, Jin DK. Ptosis in childhood: A clinical sign of several disorders: Case series reports and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Sep;97(36):e12124. - PMC - PubMed
    1. SooHoo JR, Davies BW, Allard FD, Durairaj VD. Congenital ptosis. Surv Ophthalmol. 2014 Sep-Oct;59(5):483-92. - PubMed
    1. Senthilkumar VA, Tripathy K. StatPearls [Internet] StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): 2023. Aug 25, Marcus Gunn Jaw-Winking Syndrome. - PubMed
    1. Verdin H, Matton C, De Baere E. Blepharophimosis, Ptosis, and Epicanthus Inversus Syndrome. In: Adam MP, Feldman J, Mirzaa GM, Pagon RA, Wallace SE, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews® [Internet] University of Washington, Seattle; Seattle (WA): 2004. Jul 8, - PubMed

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