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Book

Type 1 Diabetes (Nursing)

Jessica Lucier, Priyanka M. Mathias, Chaddie Doerr  1
In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan.
.
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Book

Type 1 Diabetes (Nursing)

Jessica Lucier et al.
Free Books & Documents

Excerpt

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease that leads to the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Insulin is an essential anabolic hormone that exerts multiple effects on glucose, lipid, protein, mineral metabolism, and growth. Importantly, the insulin allows glucose to enter muscle and adipose cells, stimulates the liver to store glucose as glycogen and synthesize fatty acids, stimulates the uptake of amino acids, inhibits the breakdown of fat in adipose tissue, and stimulates the uptake of potassium into cells. People with T1DM require life-long insulin replacement therapy. Without insulin, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) develops and is life-threatening.[1][2]

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure: Jessica Lucier declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies.

Disclosure: Priyanka Mathias declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies.

Disclosure: Chaddie Doerr declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies.

References

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    1. Ehrmann D, Kulzer B, Roos T, Haak T, Al-Khatib M, Hermanns N. Risk factors and prevention strategies for diabetic ketoacidosis in people with established type 1 diabetes. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020 May;8(5):436-446. - PubMed
    1. Ramos EL, Dayan CM, Chatenoud L, Sumnik Z, Simmons KM, Szypowska A, Gitelman SE, Knecht LA, Niemoeller E, Tian W, Herold KC, PROTECT Study Investigators Teplizumab and β-Cell Function in Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2023 Dec 07;389(23):2151-2161. - PubMed
    1. Škrha J. [ADA Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes 2022 - whats new?]. Vnitr Lek. 2022 Summer;68(2):85-88. - PubMed
    1. Atkinson MA, Maclaren NK. The pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 1994 Nov 24;331(21):1428-36. - PubMed

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