Perspectives of multisectoral community stakeholders on Arab American cancer patients' needs and suggested interventions

Abstract

Background: Multilevel barriers can arise after a cancer diagnosis, especially in underserved racial/ethnic minority patient populations, raising the need for diverse and contextually adapted interventions. However, limited data exists on Arab American (ArA) cancer patients' needs, partly due to their racial/ethnic misclassification as Whites. This study leveraged the perspectives of cancer survivors and community stakeholders (i.e., healthcare and community leaders) to identify ArA cancer patients' needs, as well as their preferred intervention strategies to address them.

Methods: Using a hybrid inductive-deductive content analysis approach, we analyzed qualitative data from interviews with 18 ArA community stakeholders recruited through community partners in Chicago.

Results: Participants associated cancer stigma to ArA patients' concealment of their diagnosis and aversion to cancer support groups. Economic and language barriers to treatment were emphasized. A lack of resources for ArA cancer patients was also noted and was partly attributed to their misclassification as White. In response to these needs, participants suggested peer mentorship programs to overcome privacy concerns, hospital-based patient navigation to address language and economic barriers in healthcare, diversification of the healthcare workforce to overcome language barriers, and community coalitions to recognize ArA as an ethnic group and increase cancer support resources. Such advocacy will be essential to accurately characterize patients' cancer burden and obtain funding to support community programs and resources.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that multilevel interventions at the patient, healthcare, and community levels are needed to address ArA cancer patients' needs.

Keywords: Arab Americans; Cancer survivors; Interventions; Stakeholder engagement.