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. 2021 Mar 25;11(1):6826.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-86301-3.

Hospitalisation for lower respiratory tract infection is associated with an increased incidence of acute myocardial infarction and stroke in tropical Northern Australia

A Pak  1 , D P Eisen  2 , E S McBryde  1 , O A Adegboye  3   4
Affiliations

Hospitalisation for lower respiratory tract infection is associated with an increased incidence of acute myocardial infarction and stroke in tropical Northern Australia

A Pak et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Acute respiratory infections appear to precipitate vascular events. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke are the leading cause of death and disability globally. This study was based on a cohort of patients admitted to Townsville University Hospital between January 2006 and December 2016. Using a self-controlled case series design, we investigated the risk of AMI or ischaemic stroke after an episode of pneumonia. We defined the 'risk interval' as the first 14 days after hospitalisation for pneumonia and the 'control interval' as one year before and one year after the risk interval. Among a population (N = 4557) with a median age of over 70, a total of 128 AMI and 27 stroke cases were identified within 1 year of an episode of pneumonia in this study. Ten and two admissions occurred during the risk interval, while 118 and 25 admissions occurred during the control period. The relative incidence ratios (RIR) of AMI increased after an episode of pneumonia (RIR=4.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.44-9.67). The risk for stroke after the exposure period of 14 days was 4.94 (95% CI 1.12-21.78) considering only the first stroke incidence. The RIR results for AMI and stroke were not altered by adjusting for age, sex or Indigenous status. The risk of AMI and stroke were significantly higher two weeks after an episode of pneumonia.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
AMI and Stroke admissions included in the study.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Plot of individual patient-level observation period and the 14 days LRTI risk periods (shaded). Days since exposure is the number of days before or after hospitalisation for LRTI.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Diagram of the study design.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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