Electrochemical C(sp3)-H Fluorination
- PMID: 33767531
- PMCID: PMC7990259
- DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1611737
Electrochemical C(sp3)-H Fluorination
Abstract
A simple and robust method for electrochemical alkyl C-H fluorination is presented. Using a simple nitrate additive, a widely available fluorine source (Selectfluor), and carbon-based electrodes, a wide variety of activated and unactivated C-H bonds were converted to their C-F congeners. The scalability of the reaction was also demonstrated with a 100 gram preparation of fluorovaline.
Keywords: C–H functionalization; electrochemistry; fluorination; organic synthesis; radical.
Figures
References
-
- Organic Electrochemistry, 5th ed., Revised and Expanded (Eds.: Hammerich O, Speiser B), CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 2015. For selected reviews on synthetic electrochemistry, see:
- Yan M; Kawamata Y; Baran PS Chem. Rev 2017, 117, 13230 and references therein. - PMC - PubMed
- Kärkäs MD Chem. Soc. Rev 2018, 47, 5786. - PubMed
- Francke R; Little RD Chem. Soc. Rev 2014, 43, 2492. - PubMed
- Sperry JB; Wright DL Chem. Soc. Rev 2006, 35, 605. - PubMed
- Moeller KD Tetrahedron, 2000, 56, 9527.
- Lantaño B; Postigo A Org. Biomol. Chem 2017, 15, 9954. - PubMed
-
-
For a general overview of aliphatic C–H fluorination, see:
- Bume DD; Harry SA; Lectka T; Pitts CRJ Org. Chem 2018, 83, 8803. For specific examples, see: - PubMed
- Kee CW; Chin KF; Wong MW; Tan CH Chem. Commun 2014, 50, 8211. - PubMed
- Xia JB; Zhu C; Chen C Chem. Commun 2014, 50, 11701. - PMC - PubMed
- Bloom S; Knippel JL; Lectka T Chem. Sci 2014, 5, 1175.
- Halperin SD; Fan H; Chang S; Martin RE; Britton R Angew. Chem. Int. Ed 2014, 53, 4690. - PubMed
- West JG; Bedell TA; Sorensen EJ Angew. Chem. Int. Ed 2016, 55, 8923. - PMC - PubMed
- Egami H; Masuda S; Kawato Y; Hamashima Y Org. Lett 2018, 20, 1367. - PubMed
-
-
- Liu W; Huang X; Cheng MJ; Nielsen RJ; Goddard WA; Groves JT Science 2012, 337, 1322. - PubMed
- Bloom S; Pitts CR; Miller DC; Haselton N; Holl MG; Urheim E; Lectka T. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed 2012, 51, 10580. - PubMed
- Amaoka Y; Nagatomo M; Inoue M Org. Lett 2013, 15, 2160. - PubMed
- Pitts CR; Ling B; Woltornist R; Liu R; Lectka TJ Org. Chem 2014, 79, 8895. - PubMed
- Xia J-B; Ma Y; Chen C Org. Chem. Front 2014, 1, 468. - PMC - PubMed
- Zhang X; Guo S; Tang P Org. Chem. Front 2015, 2, 806.
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources