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Review
. 2021 Mar 12:12:657711.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.657711. eCollection 2021.

Mini Review Immunological Consequences of Immunization With COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: Preliminary Results

Andrea Lombardi  1   2 , Giorgio Bozzi  1 , Riccardo Ungaro  1 , Simone Villa  3 , Valeria Castelli  1 , Davide Mangioni  1 , Antonio Muscatello  1 , Andrea Gori  1   2   3 , Alessandra Bandera  1   2   3
Affiliations
Review

Mini Review Immunological Consequences of Immunization With COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: Preliminary Results

Andrea Lombardi et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract

Background: BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 are the two recently approved mRNA-based vaccines against COVID-19 which has shown excellent safety and efficacy. Preliminary data about specific and neutralizing antibodies is available covering the first 100 days after vaccination. Methods: We reviewed all the publications regarding the immunologic consequences of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccination. A summary of specific antibodies concentration and neutralizing antibodies titers elicited by each vaccine is provided. Results: BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 displayed a reassuring safety and efficacy profile, with the latter above 94%. They can elicit specific antibodies titers and neutralizing antibodies concentrations that are far superior from those observed among COVID-19 human convalescent serum, across a wide span of age, for at least 100 days after vaccination. Moreover, the vaccine-induced T cellular response is oriented toward a TH1 response and no evidence of vaccine-enhanced disease have been reported. Discussion: BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 can elicit specific antibodies titers and neutralizing antibodies concentrations above those observed among COVID-19 human convalescent serum in the first 100 days after vaccination. Data about vaccine efficacy in those with previous COVID-19 or immunocompromised is still limited.

Keywords: COVID-19; CTL; RNA vaccine; SARS-CoV-2; antibodies; neutralization test.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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