Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021:97:19-43.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-67171-6_2.

Biogenesis of Extracellular Vesicles

Taeyoung Kang  1 , Ishara Atukorala  1 , Suresh Mathivanan  2
Affiliations

Biogenesis of Extracellular Vesicles

Taeyoung Kang et al. Subcell Biochem. 2021.

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) refer to vesicles that are released by cells into the extracellular space. EVs mediate cell-to-cell communication via delivery of functional biomolecules between host and recipient cells. EVs can be categorised based on their mode of biogenesis and secretion and include apoptotic bodies, ectosomes or shedding microvesicles and exosomes among others. EVs have gained immense interest in recent years owing to their implications in pathophysiological conditions. Indeed, EVs have been proven useful in clinical applications as potential drug delivery vehicles and as source of diagnostic biomarkers. Despite the growing body of evidence supporting the clinical benefits, the processes involved in the biogenesis of EVs are poorly understood. Hence, it is critical to gain a deeper understanding of the underlying molecular machineries that ultimately govern the biogenesis and secretion of EVs. This chapter discusses the current knowledge on molecular mechanisms involved in the biogenesis of various subtypes of EVs.

Keywords: Apoptotic bodies; Biogenesis and secretion; Exomeres; Exosomes; Extracellular vesicles; Migrasomes; Nanoparticles; Oncosomes; Shedding microvesicles; Tetraspanins.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Admyre C, Johansson SM, Qazi KR, Filen JJ, Lahesmaa R, Norman M, Neve EP, Scheynius A, Gabrielsson S (2007) Exosomes with immune modulatory features are present in human breast milk. J Immunol 179(3):1969–1978 - PubMed - DOI
    1. Agromayor M, Soler N, Caballe A, Kueck T, Freund SM, Allen MD, Bycroft M, Perisic O, Ye Y, McDonald B, Scheel H, Hofmann K, Neil SJD, Martin-Serrano J, Williams RL (2012) The UBAP1 subunit of ESCRT-I interacts with ubiquitin via a SOUBA domain. Structure 20(3):414–428 - PubMed - DOI - PMC
    1. Albrecht C, McVey JH, Elliott JI, Sardini A, Kasza I, Mumford AD, Naoumova RP, Tuddenham EG, Szabo K, Higgins CF (2005) A novel missense mutation in ABCA1 results in altered protein trafficking and reduced phosphatidylserine translocation in a patient with Scott syndrome. Blood 106(2):542–549 - PubMed - DOI - PMC
    1. Al-Nedawi K, Meehan B, Micallef J, Lhotak V, May L, Guha A, Rak J (2008) Intercellular transfer of the oncogenic receptor EGFRvIII by microvesicles derived from tumour cells. Nat Cell Biol 10(5):619–624 - PubMed - DOI
    1. Anand S, Foot N, Ang CS, Gembus KM, Keerthikumar S, Adda CG, Mathivanan S, Kumar S (2018) Arrestin-domain containing protein 1 (Arrdc1) regulates the protein cargo and release of extracellular vesicles. Proteomics. https://doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201800266

LinkOut - more resources