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. 2022 Feb;72(1):93-99.
doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2021.02.004. Epub 2021 Mar 27.

Prevalence of oral conditions and associated factors among schoolchildren in Accra, Ghana: a cross-sectional study

Paa-Kwesi Blankson  1 , Gyaami Amoah  2 , Mamta Thadani  2 , Merley Newman-Nartey  2 , Gwendolyn Amarquaye  2 , Sandra Hewlett  3 , Patrick Ampofo  3 , Josephine Sackeyfio  4
Affiliations

Prevalence of oral conditions and associated factors among schoolchildren in Accra, Ghana: a cross-sectional study

Paa-Kwesi Blankson et al. Int Dent J. 2022 Feb.

Abstract

Objective: The impact of oral diseases on children cannot be overemphasized because their effects may go beyond the individual to the household and the community at large. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of common oral conditions in children between the ages of 9 and 16 years in Accra.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among participants from 16 selected junior high schools in Accra. Their caries experience was assessed using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index. Other variables recorded were age, sex, previous history of a dental visit, and the presence of other common oral conditions (ie, periodontal disease, traumatised teeth, oral mucosal lesions, neoplasia, cysts, and malocclusion). Summaries and descriptive statistics were generated and reported. The DMFT was compared between subgroups, and the χ2 test was used to compare outcomes of categorical variables.

Results: A total of 1118 students participated in the study. This consisted of 37.8% males and 62.2% females. The mean age was 12.8 (standard deviation = 1.7) years. Common oral conditions were found in 49.7% of the participants and the prevalence of caries, periodontal disease, and malocclusion were found to be 13.3%, 30.4%, and 11.3%, respectively. The population's mean DMFT was found to be 0.27 (standard deviation = 0.76).

Conclusions: The prevalence of caries and periodontal disease calls for additionaleffort to reduce the burden of common oral conditions in Ghanaian children.

Keywords: Dental caries; Ghana; Malocclusion; Observational study; Periodontal disease; Prevalence.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest None disclosed.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig. 1
Prevalence of common oral conditions.
Fig 2
Fig. 2
Pattern of carious permanent teeth among adolescents.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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