Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2021 Jun 1;26(3):328-332.
doi: 10.1097/MOT.0000000000000871.

Tolerance, immunosuppression, and immune modulation: impacts on lung allograft survival

Hailey M Shepherd  1 , Jason M Gauthier  1 , Daniel Kreisel  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Tolerance, immunosuppression, and immune modulation: impacts on lung allograft survival

Hailey M Shepherd et al. Curr Opin Organ Transplant. .

Abstract

Purpose of review: Immune responses following lung transplantation continue to result in high rates of allograft failure and rejection, and current immunosuppression does not address the unique immunologic properties of the lung. Here, we review recent studies on lung allograft tolerance and alloimmunity and discuss implications for immunosuppression.

Recent findings: Processes governing tolerance and alloimmunity in lung allografts differ from other solid organs. Recent studies have suggested that allorecognition is regulated at the level of the lung graft. Furthermore, certain cell populations essential for lung allograft tolerance may facilitate rejection in other organs. Induction of lung allograft tolerance is associated with the formation of tertiary lymphoid organs, which are enriched in regulatory T cells and play an important role in preventing rejection.

Summary: Recent discoveries regarding alloactivation and the regulation of tolerance following lung transplantation have introduced exciting potential avenues for the development of lung-specific immunosuppression.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: DK has a pending patent entitled “Compositions and methods for detecting CCR2 receptors” (application number 15/611,577).

References

    1. Hardy JD, Webb WR, Dalton ML, Walker GR. Lung homotransplantation in man. JAMA 1963; 186:1065–74. - PubMed

    1. * Khush KK, Potena L, Cherikh WS, et al. The International Thoracic Organ Transplant Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: 37th adult heart transplantation report-2020; focus on deceased donor characteristics. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020; 39:1003–15.

      *The article provides up to date survival and morbidity data from the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) registry.

    1. Balsara KR, Krupnick AS, Bell JM, et al. A single-center experience of 1500 lung transplant patients. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 156:894–905. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Gelman AE, Li W, Richardson SB, et al. Cutting edge: Acute lung allograft rejection is independent of secondary lymphoid organs. J Immunol 2009; 182:3969–73. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Gelman AE, Okazaki M, Sugimoto S, et al. CCR2 regulates monocyte recruitment as well as CD4 T1 allorecognition after lung transplantation. Am J Transplant 2010; 10:1189–99. - PMC - PubMed

Publication types