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Review
. 2021 Jun;25(6):3395-3408.
doi: 10.1007/s00784-021-03904-w. Epub 2021 Mar 30.

The influence of zirconia veneer thickness on the degree of conversion of resin-matrix cements: an integrative review

Christie M Tafur-Zelada  1 , Oscar Carvalho  2 , Filipe S Silva  2 , Bruno Henriques  2   3 , Mutlu Özcan  4 , Júlio C M Souza  5   6
Affiliations
Free article
Review

The influence of zirconia veneer thickness on the degree of conversion of resin-matrix cements: an integrative review

Christie M Tafur-Zelada et al. Clin Oral Investig. 2021 Jun.
Free article

Abstract

Objective: The main aim of this study was to conduct an integrative review on the influence of the zirconia veneer thickness on the degree of conversion of resin-matrix cements.

Materials and method: An electronic search was performed on PubMed using a combination of the following search items: zirconia, thickness, veneer, degree of conversion, resin cement, light curing, and polymerization. Articles published in the English language, up to July 2020, were included regarding the influence of ceramic veneer thickness on the degree of conversion of resin-matrix cements. Randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies were also evaluated.

Results: Of the 21 selected studies, 9 investigated the light-curing effect, while five other articles evaluated the ceramic translucency. Three studies evaluated the degree of conversion of the resin-matrix cement while four articles assessed the veneer thickness. Results revealed a significant decrease of light transmission through the zirconia with a thickness ranging from 0.1 up to 1.5 mm. However, the ultra-thin thickness around 0.1 and 0.3 mm allowed a full polymerization of the dual-curing resin-matrix cement resulting in the integrity of the interface properties. The light-curing process of resin-matrix cements is also affected by the shade, chemical composition, and microstructure of zirconia and resin cement. Optimal conditions of light-curing are required to reach the threshold intensity of light and energy for polymerization of resin-matrix cements.

Conclusions: The increase in zirconia veneer thickness negatively affects the degree of conversion of resin-matrix cements. Also, shade and microstructure are key factor to improve the light curing of resin cements.

Clinical relevance: Clinicians should consider the zirconia thickness on resin-based cementation since a higher veneer thickness can negatively affect the light irradiation intensity towards the dual-curing resin-matrix cement. Thus, the degree of conversion of the resin-matrix cement can decrease leading to a low chemical stability (e.g., color instability) and poor mechanical properties.

Keywords: Degree of conversion; Polymerization; Resin cement; Thickness; Translucency; Zirconia veneer.

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