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. 2021 Apr 1;20(1):31.
doi: 10.1186/s12937-021-00689-2.

Dietary phytochemical index in relation to risk of glioma: a case-control study in Iranian adults

Somaye Rigi  1 , Mehdi Shayanfar  2 , Seyed Mohammad Mousavi  1   3 , Minoo Mohammad-Shirazi  3 , Giuve Sharifi  4 , Ahmad Esmaillzadeh  5   6   7
Affiliations

Dietary phytochemical index in relation to risk of glioma: a case-control study in Iranian adults

Somaye Rigi et al. Nutr J. .

Abstract

Background & aim: No study is available that explores the association of dietary phytochemical index (DPI) with glioma. The objective of the current study was to assess this association in Iranian adults.

Methods: This hospital-based case-control study included 128 newly-diagnosed cases of glioma and 256 age- and sex-matched controls. Data collection on dietary intakes was done using a 123-item validated food frequency questionnaire. Calculation of DPI was done as (dietary energy derived from phytochemical-rich foods (kcal)/total daily energy intake (kcal)) × 100. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association between DPI and glioma.

Results: Individuals in the top tertile of DPI were more likely to be older and female. Before taking potential confounders into account, subjects in the top tertile of DPI tended to have a 40% reduced chance of glioma than those in the bottom tertile (OR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.35-1.02, P = 0.06). After controlling for age, sex, energy intake, several demographic variables and dietary intakes, the association between DPI and glioma became strengthened (OR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.19-0.97, P = 0.04).

Conclusion: High intakes of phytochemical-rich foods were associated with a lower risk of glioma in adults. High consumption of phytochemical-rich foods might be recommended to prevent glioma. However, further studies with a prospective design are needed to confirm our findings.

Keywords: Brain tumor; DPI; Diet quality; Dietary phytochemical index; Glioma.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

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Fig. 1
Flow diagram showing the study recruitment process
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