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. 2021 Mar 8:2021:6426130.
doi: 10.34133/2021/6426130. eCollection 2021.

Magnetic Force Enhanced Sustainability and Power of Cam-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator

Hakjeong Kim  1 , Hee Jae Hwang  1 , Nghia Dinh Huynh  1 , Khanh Duy Pham  1 , Kyungwho Choi  2 , Dahoon Ahn  3 , Dukhyun Choi  1
Affiliations

Magnetic Force Enhanced Sustainability and Power of Cam-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator

Hakjeong Kim et al. Research (Wash D C). .

Abstract

Since the first invention of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) in 2012, many mechanical systems have been applied to operate TENGs, but mechanical contact losses such as friction and noise are still big obstacles for improving their output performance and sustainability. Here, we report on a magnet-assembled cam-based TENG (MC-TENG), which has enhanced output power and sustainability by utilizing the non-contact repulsive force between the magnets. We investigate the theoretical and experimental dynamic behaviors of MC-TENGs according to the effects of the contact modes, contact and separation times, and contact forces (i.e., pushing and repulsive forces). We suggest an optimized arrangement of magnets for the highest output performance, in which the charging time of the capacitor was 2.59 times faster than in a mechanical cam-based TENG (C-TENG). Finally, we design and demonstrate a MC-TENG-based windmill system to effectively harvest low-speed wind energy, ~4 m/s, which produces very low torque. Thus, it is expected that our frictionless MC-TENG system will provide a sustainable solution for effectively harvesting a broadband of wasted mechanical energies.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Magnet-assembled, cam-based TENG (MC-TENG). (a) Schematic illustration of an MC-TENG with permanent magnets. The inset showed a vertical-contact type TENG device including materials. (b) Photograph for MC-TENG. (c) Cuboidal magnets of different sizes. (d) Measured magnetic force for different combinations of magnets. (e) Contact-separation times (Δt) for C-TENG and MC-TENG monitored by a high-speed camera.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effect of cam contact mode (i.e., mechanical and magnetic contacts). (a) Schematic illustration of a C-TENG with mechanical contact and MC-TENG with magnetic contact. (b) Comparison of forces calculated by a pushing force and a repulsive force. (c) Output voltages. (d) Output currents. (e) Contact-separation times for C-TENG and MC-TENG.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effect of pushing force in MC-TENG. (a) Controlled pushing force by different magnets (M1, M2, and M3) on a cam. (b) Increased contact force by increasing pushing forces with different magnets. (c) Corresponding output voltages. (d) Output currents. (e) Contact-separation times in MC-TENG.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Effect of magnetic spring in MC-TENG. (a) Controlled magnetic repulsive force by different magnets (M1, M2, and M3) at the bottom substrate. (b) Decreased contact force by increasing repulsive forces with different magnets. (c) Corresponding output voltages. (d) Output currents. (e) Contact-separation times in MC-TENG with a magnetic spring.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Optimized arrangement of magnets in MC-TENG. (a) Two kinds of combinations (C1 and C2) with two magnets. (b) Pushing, repulsive, and contact forces by different combinations of magnets. (c) Corresponding output voltages. (d) Output currents. (e) Contact-separation times in MC-TENG for different combinations.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Performance demonstration of an MC-TENG application. (a) Voltage and current output under various load resistances. (b) Output power according to load resistances. (c) Capacitor charging behaviors in MC-TENG. (d) Circuit diagram to operate LED bulbs. (e) 30 LED bulbs illuminated by the MC-TENG.
Figure 7
Figure 7
MC-TENG-based windmill system design. (a) Schematic illustration of the MC-TENG-based windmill system. (b) Photograph of MC-TENG-based windmill system. (c) Behaviors of output voltage by using C-TENG and MC-TENG under a wind speed of 4 m/s. (d) Output voltages by different cam diameters on the MC-TENG. (e) Output voltage by different numbers of magnets in the MC-TENG.
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