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Review
. 2021 May 1;16(3):156-162.
doi: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000679.

Recent advances in HIV-associated chronic lung disease clinical research

Ken M Kunisaki  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Recent advances in HIV-associated chronic lung disease clinical research

Ken M Kunisaki. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. .

Abstract

Purpose of review: To highlight recently published, clinically focused research on chronic lung disease in adult persons with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) (PWH).

Recent findings: Chronic lung disease was the most common comorbidity in hospitalized PWH in New York and second-most common condition in ambulatory PWH in Canada. The elevated risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in PWH has been widely recognized, but PWH are also at higher risk for asthma and worse asthma outcomes. Expanded assessments of lung structure and function, such as single-breath diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO), exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), and chest computed tomography (CT) have provided new insights into HIV effects on the lungs. New biomarker analyses are emerging, but further studies are needed to validate predictive biomarkers for chronic lung disease in PWH. Clinical trials addressing chronic lung disease in PWH are few in number.

Summary: Chronic lung disease is a common and high-impact comorbidity among PWH. Future studies should collect more comprehensive lung assessments such as DLCO, FeNO, and chest CT in order to better phenotype lung derangements in HIV. Clinical trials are desperately needed to reduce the rising burden of chronic lung disease in PWH.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest:

KMK reports personal fees from Nuvaira for Data Safety and Monitoring Board activities.

Figures

Figure.
Figure.
Prevalence of comorbidities among hospitalized PWH in New York, 2006–2016, by year. Reproduced with permission.[4]
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. GBD Compare Data Visualization. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington; 2016. [Available from: http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare; last accessed 06 Mar 2021].
    1. Byanova K, Kunisaki KM, Vasquez J, Huang L. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in HIV. Expert Rev Respir Med. 2021;15(1):71–87. - PMC - PubMed

    2. *: A comprehensive review focused on the history and progress of research on COPD in PWH.

    1. Cribbs SK, Crothers K, Morris A. Pathogenesis of HIV-Related Lung Disease: Immunity, Infection, and Inflammation. Physiol Rev. 2020;100(2):603–32. - PubMed

    2. *: A comprehensive review addressing current mechanistic understanding of lung disease pathogenesis in PWH

    1. Rowell-Cunsolo TL, Hu G, Bellerose M, Liu J. Trends in comorbidities among HIV-infected hospital admissions in New York City from 2006–2016. Clin Infect Dis. 2020. Epub ahead of print November 27. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1760. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

    2. **: Chronic lung disease was the top underlying comorbidity among hospital admissions in PWH in every year between 2006–2016.

    1. Kendall CE, Wong J, Taljaard M, Glazier RH, Hogg W, Younger J, et al. A cross-sectional, population-based study measuring comorbidity among people living with HIV in Ontario. BMC Public Health. 2014;14:161. - PMC - PubMed

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