Ultrasound and Bioptic Investigation of Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome
- PMID: 33799655
- PMCID: PMC8001290
- DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061171
Ultrasound and Bioptic Investigation of Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome
Abstract
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic and heterogeneous disorder characterized by a wide spectrum of glandular and extra-glandular features. The hallmark of pSS is considered to be the immune-mediated involvement of the exocrine glands and B-cell hyperactivation. This leads pSS patients to an increased risk of developing lymphoproliferative diseases, and persistent (>2 months) major salivary gland enlargement is a well-known clinical sign of possible involvement by B cell lymphoma. Better stratification of the patients may improve understanding of the mechanism underlying the risk of lymphoproliferative disorder. Here, we summarize the role of different imaging techniques and a bioptic approach in pSS patients, focusing mainly on the role of salivary gland ultrasonography (SGUS) and a US-guided core needle biopsy (Us-guided CNB) as diagnostic and prognostic tools in pSS patients with persistent parotid swelling.
Keywords: Sjögren’s syndrome; US-guided core needle biopsy; biopsy; histopathology; lymphoma; salivary gland; salivary swelling; ultrasonography.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare no conflict of interest for this type of study.
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